Mechanisms of Immunity in Typhus Infections II. Multiplication of Typhus Rickettsiae in Human Macrophage Cell Cultures in the Nonimmune System: Influence of Virulence of Rickettsial Strains and of Chloramphenicol
Mechanisms of Immunity in Typhus Infections II. Multiplication of Typhus Rickettsiae in Human Macrophage Cell Cultures in the Nonimmune System: Influence of Virulence of Rickettsial Strains and of Chloramphenicol
复制标题
斑疹伤寒感染的免疫机制 II。
作者：
M. R. Gambrill;C. Wisseman
来自非免疫受试者外周血的单核细胞在细胞培养中转化为巨噬细胞，吞噬灭活斑疹伤寒的能力增强。当这些细胞暴露于活的穆氏立克次体(Wilmington株)或普氏立克次体(Blinl株)或弱毒的普罗瓦泽基E株时，在含有正常人血清的培养液中，这三个株都很容易进入巨噬细胞，但随后的命运因株系和毒力而异。因此，Mooseri很容易生长，达到很高的细胞内种群，最终在3-5天内摧毁巨噬细胞，并逃逸到感染其他细胞。在最初的2到3天里，毒力较强的普罗瓦泽基也以大致相同的速度生长，但随后通常会突然停止繁殖。间接证据表明，与穆瑟氏杆菌相比，普罗瓦泽基杆菌数量较少，对宿主细胞有毒性作用。减毒的普罗瓦泽基E株在大多数细胞中无法生长，最终消失，但在一些培养的非常罕见的细胞中确实生长到相当多的数量，这表明存在一些可能不是典型的巨噬细胞的细胞。培养上清液中的氯霉素对巨噬细胞胞浆内的穆瑟氏杆菌生长有抑制作用。当药物在3天后被移除时，生长在一段滞后期后开始生长，并呈现正常的速率。
Monocytes from the peripheral blood of nonimmune human subjects transformed in cell culture into macrophages with increased phagocytic capacity for killed typhus rickettsiae. When such cells were exposed to living virulent Rickettsia mooseri (Wilmington strain) or R. prowazeki (Breinl strain), or to the attenuated E strain of R. prowazeki, in the presence of medium containing normal human serum, all three strains readily entered the macrophage, but the subsequent fate varied according to strain and its virulence. Thus, R. mooseri grew readily to attain very high intracellular populations which eventually destroyed the macrophage in 3 to 5 days and escaped to infect other cells. Virulent R. prowazeki also grew at about the same rate for the first 2 to 3 days but then often abruptly ceased to multiply. Circumstantial evidence suggests a toxic effect on host cells by smaller numbers of R. prowazeki organisms than with R. mooseri. The attenuated E strain of R. prowazeki failed to grow in most cells and eventually disappeared, but did grow to substantial numbers in the very rare cell in some cultures, suggesting the presence of a few cells which may not be typical macrophages. The growth of R. mooseri in the macrophage cytoplasm was inhibited by chloramphenicol in the culture medium. When the drug was removed after 3 days, growth began after a lag period and assumed a normal rate.