DIABETES AND DIABETES RISK-FACTORS IN 2ND-GENERATION AND 3RD-GENERATION JAPANESE-AMERICANS IN SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
DIABETES AND DIABETES RISK-FACTORS IN 2ND-GENERATION AND 3RD-GENERATION JAPANESE-AMERICANS IN SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-8227(94)90226-7
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发表时间：
1994-10-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
WAHL, PW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FUJIMOTO, WY;BERGSTROM, RW;WAHL, PW
在华盛顿州西雅图，45-74岁的第二代(NISEI)日裔美国男性和NISEI女性的糖尿病患病率分别为20%和16%，而糖耐量受损(IGT)的患病率在NISEI男性和NISEI女性中分别为36%和40%。女性的高血糖较少，糖尿病病程较短。NISEI中与糖尿病和IGT相关的有空腹血浆胰岛素水平较高和中枢性(内脏)肥胖症。在年轻的(34-53岁)第三代(散打)男性和女性中，糖尿病的患病率很低。然而，在自我报告的非糖尿病三生族中，IGT的患病率在男性中为19%，在女性中为29%，IGT与空腹血浆胰岛素水平升高和内脏脂肪增加有关，这表明许多三生族面临未来患糖尿病的风险。在日裔美国人中，饮食饱和(动物)脂肪似乎是NIDD发生的一个重要的生活方式因素。另一个因素可能是缺乏运动。在日裔美国女性中，更年期似乎也是一个重要的风险因素。这些危险因素可能与促进内脏脂肪堆积和胰岛素抵抗的发展有关。对非糖尿病NISEI男性和女性进行的五年随访检查，获得了关于IGT预后的更多信息。在基线水平为IGT的女性中，34%的人在随访时患有糖尿病，17%的人恢复正常。在基线水平患有IGT的男性中，18%的人在随访时患有糖尿病，36%的人恢复正常。在5年的随访期间，按比例，更多的女性从正常进展到IGT(54%)，然后从IGT进展到正常(17%)。对于男性，从正常到IGT的比例大致相同(37%)，从IGT到正常的比例大致相同(36%)。因此，与日成男性相比，日成女性进展为IGT和NIDD的比例似乎更大。这一观察结果可能与绝经后发生中心性肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的风险增加有关。患有IGT和NIDD的日裔美国人心血管疾病(高血压、外周血管疾病和/或冠心病)的患病率增加。神经病变和视网膜病变仅与NIDD相关。
In seattle, Washington, the prevalence of diabetes was 20% in second-generation (Nisei) Japanese-American men and 16% in Nisei women 45-74 years old, while the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 36% in Nisei men and 40% in Nisei women. Hyperglycemia was less and duration of diabetes shorter in women. Related to diabetes and IGT in Nisei were higher fasting plasma insulin levels and central (visceral) adiposity. Prevalence of diabetes was low among the younger (34-53 year old) third-generation (sansei) men and women. Among self-reported non-diabetic Sansei, however, prevalence of IGT was 19% in men and 29% in women, and IGT was associated with both increased fasting plasma insulin levels and more visceral fat, suggesting that many Sansei are at risk of future diabetes. An important lifestyle factor in the development of NIDD in Japanese Americans appeared to be dietary saturated (animal) fat. Another factor may be physical inactivity. In Japanese-American women, menopause also appeared to be an important risk factor. These risk factors may be related to fostering the accumulation of visceral fat and the development of insulin resistance. Five-year follow-up examinations performed in non-diabetic Nisei men and women have yielded additional information concerning the prognosis of IGT. Of those women who were IGT at baseline, 34% were diabetic at follow-up while 17% returned to normal. In men who had been IGT at baseline, 18% were diabetic at follow-up while 36% returned to normal. Over the 5-yr follow-up interval, proportionally more women progressed from normal to IGT (54%) then went from IGT to normal (17%). For men, roughly equal proportions went from normal to IGT (37%) as from IGT to normal (36%). It would therefore appear that greater proportions of Nisei women are progressing to IGT and to NIDD than are Nisei men. This observation may be related to the increased risk of developing central obesity and insulin resistance following menopause. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease (hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, and/or coronary heart disease) was increased in Japanese Americans with IGT and NIDD. Neuropathy and retinopathy were associated only with NIDD.