Cardiorespiratory fitness as a predictor of intestinal microbial diversity and distinct metagenomic functions.
Cardiorespiratory fitness as a predictor of intestinal microbial diversity and distinct metagenomic functions.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40168-016-0189-7
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发表时间：
2016-08-08
期刊：
影响因子：
15.5
通讯作者：
Gibson DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Estaki M;Pither J;Baumeister P;Little JP;Gill SK;Ghosh S;Ahmadi-Vand Z;Marsden KR;Gibson DL
人类肠道中微生物多样性的减少与糖尿病、结直肠癌和炎症性肠病等多种疾病有关。身体健康在人类肠道微生物群中的作用目前尚不清楚。我们使用高通量测序分析了39名年龄、BMI和饮食相似但心肺健康水平不同的健康参与者的粪便微生物群。使用气相色谱法分析粪便短链脂肪酸。我们发现，峰值摄氧量（VO 2 peak）是衡量心肺健康的金标准，在考虑了所有其他因素（包括饮食）后，可以解释分类丰富度变化的20%以上。虽然VO 2 peak不能解释β多样性的变化，但它确实在解释微生物组预测的宏基因组功能的变化方面发挥了重要作用，与细菌趋化性，运动性和脂肪酸生物合成相关的基因呈正相关。这些预测的功能得到了身体健康的参与者中粪便丁酸（一种与改善肠道健康相关的短链脂肪酸）产量增加的支持。我们还发现这些个体中关键的丁酸盐产生类群（梭菌目、玫瑰菌属、毛螺菌科和丹毒丝菌科）的丰度增加，这可能导致了观察到的丁酸盐水平的增加。这项研究的结果表明，心肺健康与健康人类微生物多样性的增加相关，相关的变化是围绕一组功能核心而不是特定的类群。健康个体的微生物谱有利于丁酸盐的产生。由于微生物群多样性和丁酸盐产量的增加与宿主的整体健康相关，我们的研究结果证明了运动处方作为对抗生态失调相关疾病的辅助疗法的必要性。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s40168-016-0189-7）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Reduced microbial diversity in human intestines has been implicated in various conditions such as diabetes, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. The role of physical fitness in the context of human intestinal microbiota is currently not known. We used high-throughput sequencing to analyze fecal microbiota of 39 healthy participants with similar age, BMI, and diets but with varying cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Fecal short-chain fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography. We showed that peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), the gold standard measure of cardiorespiratory fitness, can account for more than 20 % of the variation in taxonomic richness, after accounting for all other factors, including diet. While VO2peak did not explain variation in beta diversity, it did play a significant role in explaining variation in the microbiomes’ predicted metagenomic functions, aligning positively with genes related to bacterial chemotaxis, motility, and fatty acid biosynthesis. These predicted functions were supported by measured increases in production of fecal butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid associated with improved gut health, amongst physically fit participants. We also identified increased abundances of key butyrate-producing taxa (Clostridiales, Roseburia, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae) amongst these individuals, which likely contributed to the observed increases in butyrate levels. Results from this study show that cardiorespiratory fitness is correlated with increased microbial diversity in healthy humans and that the associated changes are anchored around a set of functional cores rather than specific taxa. The microbial profiles of fit individuals favor the production of butyrate. As increased microbiota diversity and butyrate production is associated with overall host health, our findings warrant the use of exercise prescription as an adjuvant therapy in combating dysbiosis-associated diseases. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-016-0189-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.