Phenylalanine impairs insulin signaling and inhibits glucose uptake through modification of IRβ.

Phenylalanine impairs insulin signaling and inhibits glucose uptake through modification of IRβ.
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苯丙氨酸通过修饰 IRβ 损害胰岛素信号传导并抑制葡萄糖摄取

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-32000-0
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发表时间:
2022-07-25
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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鉴于循环氨基酸水平增加与 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 的发病相关,氨基酸是否对细胞胰岛素信号传导起作用仍不清楚。在这里,我们报告苯丙氨酸修饰胰岛素受体β (IRβ) 并使胰岛素信号传导和葡萄糖摄取失活。喂食富含苯丙氨酸的食物或产生苯丙氨酸的阿斯巴甜或过度表达人苯丙氨酰-tRNA合成酶(hFARS)的小鼠会出现胰岛素抵抗和 T2D 症状。从机制上讲,FARS 使 IRβ (F-K1057/1079) 的苯丙氨酸赖氨酸 1057/1079 失活,并阻止胰岛素促进细胞对葡萄糖的摄取。 SIRT1 逆转 F-K1057/1079 并抵消 hFARS 和苯丙氨酸的胰岛素失活作用。 T2D 患者白细胞中的 F-K1057/1079 和 SIRT1 水平分别与 T2D 发病呈正相关和负相关。在 hFARS 转基因小鼠和 db/db 小鼠中,用苯丙氨醇阻断 F-K1057/1079 可以使胰岛素信号变得敏感并缓解 T2D 症状。这些发现揭示了通过抑制苯丙氨化来激活胰岛素信号传导和 T2D 进展。氨基酸是否作用于细胞胰岛素信号传导仍不清楚。在这里,作者发现苯丙氨酸会修饰胰岛素受体 β (IRβ),并使胰岛素信号传导和葡萄糖摄取失活,并与 T2D 发病呈正相关。
Whether amino acids act on cellular insulin signaling remains unclear, given that increased circulating amino acid levels are associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we report that phenylalanine modifies insulin receptor beta (IRβ) and inactivates insulin signaling and glucose uptake. Mice fed phenylalanine-rich chow or phenylalanine-producing aspartame or overexpressing human phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (hFARS) develop insulin resistance and T2D symptoms. Mechanistically, FARS phenylalanylate lysine 1057/1079 of IRβ (F-K1057/1079), inactivating IRβ and preventing insulin from promoting glucose uptake by cells. SIRT1 reverse F-K1057/1079 and counteract the insulin-inactivating effects of hFARS and phenylalanine. F-K1057/1079 and SIRT1 levels in white blood cells from T2D patients are positively and negatively correlated with T2D onset, respectively. Blocking F-K1057/1079 with phenylalaninol sensitizes insulin signaling and relieves T2D symptoms in hFARS-transgenic and db/db mice. These findings shed light on the activation of insulin signaling and T2D progression through inhibition of phenylalanylation. Whether amino acids act on cellular insulin signaling remains unclear. Here, the authors find that phenylalanine modifies insulin receptor beta (IRβ) and inactivates insulin signaling and glucose uptake and positively correlated with T2D onset.
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