Influence of Alcohol Use on Neural Response to Go/No-Go Task in College Drinkers
Influence of Alcohol Use on Neural Response to Go/No-Go Task in College Drinkers
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2013.119
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Stevens, Michael C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmadi, Aral;Pearlson, Godfrey D.;Stevens, Michael C.
强效运动反应抑制受损可能是酗酒的一个重要危险因素。饮酒还可能增加冲动行为，包括反应抑制受损。尽管大学年龄饮酒者的酒精使用障碍发生率很高，但人们对大学年龄饮酒者基于其饮酒模式的反应抑制背后的大脑功能知之甚少。我们的主要目标是比较大量和少量饮酒的大学生在反应抑制任务期间通过功能磁共振成像测量的行为和相关大脑活动。参与者包括轻度饮酒者 (N = 36) 和重度饮酒者 (N = 56)，年龄在 18-20 岁之间。我们描述了血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）反应的特征，同时参与者执行功能磁共振成像Go/No-Go任务来量化抑制行为和大脑活动。在行为上，在“Go正确命中”和“No-Go误报”反应时间方面观察到群体表现差异，与轻度饮酒者相比，重度饮酒者的反应时间增加。在 fMRI No-Go 正确拒绝过程中，轻度饮酒者比重度饮酒者在左侧辅助运动区 (SMA)、双侧顶小叶、右侧海马、双侧额中回、左侧颞上回和扣带回/前扣带皮层（布罗德曼区域 24）表现出更大的 BOLD 反应。进行/不进行相关的区域激活的群体差异与酒精和冲动相关的测量相关。这些发现表明，大量饮酒者可能会导致注意力和反应抑制的大脑区域出现功能障碍，从而导致抑制优势反应的能力下降。这些倾向在多大程度上与现实生活中的冲动决策和行为相关，并可能指导干预措施的制定，值得进一步调查。
Impaired inhibition of prepotent motor response may represent an important risk factor for alcoholism. Alcohol use may also increase impulsive behavior, including impaired response inhibition. Little is known about the brain function underlying response inhibition among college-age drinkers based on their drinking patterns, despite college-age drinkers demonstrating high rates of alcohol-use disorders. Our major objective was to compare behavior and associated brain activity measured with fMRI during a response-inhibition task in matched heavy-and light-alcohol-drinking college students. Participants were light (N = 36) and heavy (N = 56) drinkers, aged 18-20 years. We characterized blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses, while participants performed an fMRI Go/No-Go task to quantify inhibitory behavior and brain activity. Behaviorally, group performance differences were observed for Go correct-hit and No-Go false-alarm reaction times with increased reaction times in heavy compared with light drinkers. During fMRI No-Go correct rejections, light drinkers exhibited greater BOLD response than did heavy drinkers in left supplementary motor area (SMA), bilateral parietal lobule, right hippocampus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, and cingulate gyrus/anterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 24). Group differences in Go/No-Go-related regional activations correlated with alcohol-and impulsivity-related measures. These findings suggest that heavy alcohol drinkers may have dysfunction in brain regions underlying attention and response inhibition, leading to diminished abilities to suppress prepotent responding. The extent to which these tendencies relate to impulsive decision-making and behaviors in real-life settings and may guide intervention development warrants additional investigation.