Bacterial community dynamics during polysaccharide degradation at contrasting sites in the Southern and Atlantic Oceans.
Bacterial community dynamics during polysaccharide degradation at contrasting sites in the Southern and Atlantic Oceans.
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DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.12842
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Matthias Wietz;B. Wemheuer;H. Simon;Helge‐Ansgar Giebel;Maren Seibt;R. Daniel;T. Brinkhoff;M. Simon-M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthias Wietz;B. Wemheuer;H. Simon;Helge‐Ansgar Giebel;Maren Seibt;R. Daniel;T. Brinkhoff;M. Simon-M.
多糖的细菌降解是海洋碳循环的核心，但人们对降解特定海洋多糖的细菌分类群知之甚少。在这里，在南大洋和大西洋四个不同地点的微观实验中，研究了多糖甲壳素、藻酸盐和琼脂糖降解过程中的细菌生长和群落动态。在南极锋，补充几丁质的微观世界的特点是活跃生长的细胞比例较高，群落从α变形菌门转向γ变形菌门和拟杆菌门。在南极冰架，几丁质降解与拟杆菌门的生长有关，与对照相比，拟杆菌门的细胞数量增加了 24%。在巴塔哥尼亚大陆架，藻酸盐和琼脂糖的降解与不同交替单胞菌科种群的生长共同变化，每个种群都有特定的时间生长模式。在毛里塔尼亚的上升流中，仅消耗了藻酸盐水解产物古洛糖醛酸，这与交替单胞菌科丰度的增加以及可能交叉摄食的 SAR11 一致。 16S rRNA 基因扩增子文库表明，所有冷温带水站的拟杆菌属 Reichenbachiella 的生长均受到几丁质的刺激，这表明在广泛的地理范围内具有类似的生态作用。总体而言，特定位置模式的优势表明，来自对比海洋生物群落的细菌群落具有具有不同水解多糖潜力的成员。
The bacterial degradation of polysaccharides is central to marine carbon cycling, but little is known about the bacterial taxa that degrade specific marine polysaccharides. Here, bacterial growth and community dynamics were studied during the degradation of the polysaccharides chitin, alginate and agarose in microcosm experiments at four contrasting locations in the Southern and Atlantic Oceans. At the Southern polar front, chitin-supplemented microcosms were characterized by higher fractions of actively growing cells and a community shift from Alphaproteobacteria to Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. At the Antarctic ice shelf, chitin degradation was associated with growth of Bacteroidetes, with 24% higher cell numbers compared with the control. At the Patagonian continental shelf, alginate and agarose degradation covaried with growth of different Alteromonadaceae populations, each with specific temporal growth patterns. At the Mauritanian upwelling, only the alginate hydrolysis product guluronate was consumed, coincident with increasing abundances of Alteromonadaceae and possibly cross-feeding SAR11. 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries indicated that growth of the Bacteroidetes-affiliated genus Reichenbachiella was stimulated by chitin at all cold and temperate water stations, suggesting comparable ecological roles over wide geographical scales. Overall, the predominance of location-specific patterns showed that bacterial communities from contrasting oceanic biomes have members with different potentials to hydrolyse polysaccharides.