College Weight Gain and Behavior Transitions: Male and Female Differences
College Weight Gain and Behavior Transitions: Male and Female Differences
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jada.2008.10.045
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Grobe, Deana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cluskey, Mary;Grobe, Deana
大学生的体重增加已经有了很好的记录。然而，很少有人知道在过渡到大学期间体重增加和相关行为的性别差异。一个重复测量的研究设计被用来揭示从2005年10月至12月测量的男性和女性大学生的体重变化。379名大学生（60%为男性）参与了体重评估，并发现在大学早期体重增加。研究发现，在大学男生中，体重增加的发生率和幅度更大。超过25%的大学男生和女生在8周内体重增加>2.3 kg。研究开始时，体重指数（以kg/m2计算）超重和肥胖的女性比体重指数超重或超重的男性或体重指数低至健康的男女学生更不可能增加体重。一个生命历程的角度被用来分析焦点小组讨论中进行的学生谁参加了体重评估，并探讨他们的看法的过渡，在饮食和运动行为时，来到大学。学生们描述了在适应健康饮食和锻炼行为的大学生活中的斗争。评论表明，虽然大学生的活动水平与过去不同，但人们一致认为，在向大学过渡的过程中，健康饮食被认为是一个更大的挑战。男生对体重的关注程度较低，控制体重增加的策略较少。需要做更多的工作来了解行为的转变，并在大学期间发展健康的生活方式。
College-student weight gain has been well-documented. However, little is known about the sex differences in weight gain and related behaviors during the transition to college. A repeated-measure study design was used to reveal measured weight changes from October to December 2005 among male and female college students. Three-hundred seventy-nine college students (60% males) participated in both weight assessments and revealed weight gains occurring early in college. Weight gains were found to be of greater incidence and magnitude among college males in the study. More than 25% of both college males and females gained >2.3 kg body weight in an 8-week period. Females starting the study with overweight and obese body mass index (calculated as kg/m(2)) scores were less likely to gain than either obese or overweight body mass index males or low to healthy body mass index students of both sexes. A life-course perspective was used to analyze focus group discussions conducted among students who participated in the weight assessments and explored their perceptions of the transition in eating and exercise behaviors when coming to college. Students described struggles in adapting healthful eating and exercise behaviors to college life. Comments indicated that while college student activity levels differed from the past, there was consistent agreement that eating healthful diets was perceived to be a greater challenge in the transition to college. Male students were less concerned about weight and used fewer strategies to control weight gain than females. More work is needed to understand the transition of behaviors and in developing healthful lifestyles during college.