Neuroendocrine regulation of Drosophila metamorphosis requires TGFβ/Activin signaling
Neuroendocrine regulation of Drosophila metamorphosis requires TGFβ/Activin signaling
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.063412
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
O'Connor, Michael B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibbens, Ying Y.;Warren, James T.;O'Connor, Michael B.
在昆虫中，变态的开始需要从前胸腺中大量产生类固醇激素20-羟基蜕皮激素，前胸腺是幼虫的主要内分泌器官。在这里，我们发现阻断TGF β /激活素信号，特别是在果蝇前胸腺中，会导致变态前的发育停滞。最终，巨大的三龄幼虫表型是由于未能诱导引起变态的表皮甾体滴度的大幅上升。我们进一步证明，激活素信号调节前胸腺接收PTTH和胰岛素信号的能力，这两种途径分别在mRNA和转录后水平起作用，控制蜕皮激素生物合成酶的表达。这种双重调控回路可能提供了一种交叉检查机制，以确保在启动导致生殖成体发育的最终遗传程序之前，发育和营养输入都是同步的。由于秀丽隐杆线虫和哺乳动物体内类固醇激素的产生也受到TGF β /激活素信号的影响，这一分泌因子家族可能在调节跨门发育转变中发挥普遍作用。
In insects, initiation of metamorphosis requires a surge in the production of the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone from the prothoracic gland, the primary endocrine organ of juvenile larvae. Here, we show that blocking TGF beta/Activin signaling, specifically in the Drosophila prothoracic gland, results in developmental arrest prior to metamorphosis. The terminal, giant third instar larval phenotype results from a failure to induce the large rise in ecdysteroid titer that triggers metamorphosis. We further demonstrate that activin signaling regulates competence of the prothoracic gland to receive PTTH and insulin signals, and that these two pathways act at the mRNA and post-transcriptional levels, respectively, to control ecdysone biosynthetic enzyme expression. This dual regulatory circuitry may provide a cross-check mechanism to ensure that both developmental and nutritional inputs are synchronized before initiating the final genetic program leading to reproductive adult development. As steroid hormone production in C. elegans and mammals is also influenced by TGF beta/Activin signaling, this family of secreted factors may play a general role in regulating developmental transitions across phyla.