DRAINAGE OF MOLECULES FROM SUBARACHNOID SPACE TO SPINAL NERVE ROOTS AND PERIPHERAL-NERVE OF THE RAT - A STUDY BASED ON EVANS BLUE-ALBUMIN AND LANTHANUM AS TRACERS
DRAINAGE OF MOLECULES FROM SUBARACHNOID SPACE TO SPINAL NERVE ROOTS AND PERIPHERAL-NERVE OF THE RAT - A STUDY BASED ON EVANS BLUE-ALBUMIN AND LANTHANUM AS TRACERS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00294304
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发表时间：
1993-11-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
PETTERSSON, CAV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PETTERSSON, CAV
本研究的目的是探讨注入蛛网膜下腔的化合物在进入腹神经根和背神经根后，是否可追踪到周围神经的外膜-神经外膜-神经鞘和神经内膜。这将表明脑脊液中的物质沿着神经进行离心式运动；脑脊液的一种引流途径在过去被广泛讨论。体内研究使用埃文斯蓝白蛋白和氯化镧作为示踪剂。伊文思蓝-白蛋白是大分子的，暴露在紫外光下会发出红色荧光。镧离子很小，在电子显微镜下很容易看到。将示踪剂注入颈椎蛛网膜下腔，15min~2 4h后从神经根、背根神经节、脊神经近端和正中神经取标本进行示踪剂检测。注射伊文思蓝白蛋白后15分钟和24小时取出标本，荧光显微镜下可见神经根、神经节和近端脊神经的内神经细胞内有低强度的红色荧光。24小时后，正中神经也有一定的荧光。这些结构周围的鞘也是荧光的。在神经根鞘的细胞层之间以及神经根实质内都检测到了镧。在约50%的背根节标本中，胞外La存在于被膜内。该示踪剂也在50%的脊神经外膜中发现，偶尔在神经外膜中也发现。在15min、6h和15h，La常出现在脊神经标本的神经内膜中，而在正中神经中总是不存在。在24小时时，正中神经中也很少看到与La相同的电子致密颗粒，并怀疑是La。结果表明，脑脊液中的物质可转移到周围神经系统的其他部位，表现为离心性扩散，这种扩散可能发生在[1]覆盖根、神经节和神经的鞘的细胞外间隙，和[2]穿过脊神经根周围的鞘后的根、神经节和神经的神经内间隙。如果在注入蛛网膜下腔后示踪剂被吸收到血液中，神经节和神经外膜的血管渗漏可能会增加示踪剂分子到周围神经系统的细胞外环境中。
The purpose of the present investigation was to find out if a compound injected into the spinal subarachnoid space, after having entered ventral and dorsal nerve roots, can be traced to the epineurial-perineurial sheaths and the endoneurium of peripheral nerves. This would indicate a centrifugal movement of substances from the cerebrospinal fluid along nerves; one route of drainage of cerebrospinal fluid which in the past has been widely discussed. In vivo studies were made using Evans blue-albumin and lanthanum chloride as tracers. Evans blue-albumin is macromolecular in size and emits a red fluorescence after exposure to ultraviolet light. Lanthanum ions are small and easily visible in the electron microscope. The tracers were injected into the cervical subarachnoid space and 15 min to 24 h later samples from roots, dorsal root ganglia, proximal part of spinal nerves and the median nerves were taken and further processed for detection of tracers. Fluorescence microscopy from samples removed 15 min and 24 h after the injection of Evans blue-albumin showed a red fluorescence of low intensity in the endoneurium of nerve roots, ganglia and proximal spinal nerve. After 24 h also the median nerve elicited some fluorescence. The sheaths around these structures were also fluorescent. Lanthanum was detected between cell layers of the nerve root sheath as well as inside the nerve root parenchyma. In about 50 % of the samples from dorsal root ganglia extracellular lanthanum was found in the capsule. The tracer was also found in the epineurium of 50 % of the spinal nerves and occasionally in the perineurium. At 15 min, 6 h and 15 h lanthanum was often present in the endoneurium of the spinal nerve sample but always absent in the median nerve. At 24 h electron-dense particles identical to, and suspected to be, lanthanum was rarely seen also in the median nerve. The results show that substances in the cerebrospinal fluid can be transferred to other parts of the peripheral nervous system indicating a centrifugal spread, which may take place in [1] extracellular spaces of the sheaths covering roots, ganglia and nerve, and [2] endoneurial spaces in roots, ganglia and nerve after passage across the sheath surrounding spinal nerve roots. If absorption of tracer into the blood occurs following injection into the subarachnoid space, leaky blood vessels in ganglia and epineurium may add tracer molecules to the extracellular environment of the peripheral nervous system.