Bitter melon fruit extract enhances intracellular ATP production and insulin secretion from rat pancreatic β-cells.
Bitter melon fruit extract enhances intracellular ATP production and insulin secretion from rat pancreatic β-cells.
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苦瓜果实提取物可增强大鼠胰腺 β 细胞的细胞内 ATP 生成和胰岛素分泌。
DOI：
10.1017/s0007114521001082
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Mukai E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimada T;Kato F;Dwijayanti R;Nagata T;Kinoshita A;Okuyama T;Nishizawa M;Mukai E
苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）已证明具有各种促进健康的活性，包括抗糖尿病和降血糖作用。已报告外周组织中胰岛素敏感性改善和葡萄糖利用增加，但对胰腺β细胞胰岛素分泌的影响尚不清楚。本研究探讨苦瓜果实对胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素的影响及其机制。将苦瓜的绿色果实冷冻干燥并用甲醇提取。苦瓜果实提取物（BMFE）使用乙酸乙酯（级分A）、正丁醇（级分B）和水（级分C）分级。用BMFE和组分法测定INS-1大鼠胰岛素瘤细胞系和大鼠胰岛的胰岛素分泌能力，以及大鼠口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）的糖耐量。还检查了β细胞中的ATP产生。BMFE以剂量依赖性方式增加INS-1细胞的胰岛素分泌。胰岛素分泌的显著增加与葡萄糖剂量无关。级分A（即疏水性级分）而不是级分B和C以与BMFE相同的水平显着增加胰岛素分泌。在胰岛中也观察到该发现。在OGTT中，BMFE和组分A降低血糖水平，并在葡萄糖负荷后升高血清胰岛素水平。在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠中也观察到血糖水平降低。此外，BMFE和组分A还能增加β细胞内ATP含量。我们得出结论，BMFE的疏水组分增加ATP产生并增加β细胞的胰岛素分泌，从而降低血糖水平。
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) has been shown to have various health-promoting activities, including antidiabetic and hypoglycaemic effects. Improvement in insulin sensitivity and increase in glucose utilisation in peripheral tissues have been reported, but the effect on insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of bitter melon fruit on insulin secretion from β-cells and the underlying mechanism. The green fruit of bitter melon was freeze-dried and extracted with methanol. The bitter melon fruit extract (BMFE) was fractionated using ethyl acetate (fraction A), n-butanol (fraction B) and water (fraction C). Insulin secretory capacity from INS-1 rat insulinoma cell line and rat pancreatic islets, as well as glucose tolerance in rats by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), was measured using BMFE and fractions. ATP production in β-cells was also examined. BMFE augmented insulin secretion from INS-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The significant augmentation of insulin secretion was independent of the glucose dose. Fraction A (i.e. hydrophobic fraction), but not fractions B and C, augmented insulin secretion significantly at the same level as that by BMFE. This finding was also observed in pancreatic islets. In OGTT, BMFE and fraction A decreased blood glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels after glucose loading. The decrease in blood glucose levels was also observed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In addition, BMFE and fraction A increased the ATP content in β-cells. We concluded that hydrophobic components of BMFE increase ATP production and augment insulin secretion from β-cells, consequently decreasing blood glucose levels.