Application of hyperspectral remote sensing to cyanobacterial blooms in inland waters
Application of hyperspectral remote sensing to cyanobacterial blooms in inland waters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2015.01.025
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发表时间：
2015-09-15
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Torres-Perez, Juan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kudela, Raphael M.;Palacios, Sherry L.;Torres-Perez, Juan
蓝藻水华对内陆水域构成日益严重的威胁，特别是在海陆交界处，毒素可向下游输送，从而对陆地和海洋生物造成影响。由于细胞表面的浓度、藻蓝蛋白色素的存在以及与细胞大小和气体空泡的存在相关的后向散射增加，这些水华相对容易被光学检测到。限制遥感使用的主要挑战是，第一，与海洋颜色卫星的空间分辨率相比，其中许多水体很小；第二，即使有明亮的藻类目标，陆地卫星的光谱分辨率、信噪比和重复时间往往也不够。下一代多光谱和高光谱传感器开始通过提高空间和光谱分辨率来解决这些问题。对加利福尼亚州平托湖的每周监测表明，这一小水体为开发和应用适用于传统和下一代传感器的算法提供了理想的试验台。平托湖经历了季节性的、几乎是单一物种的水华，物种演替明显。平托湖内的生物量(如叶绿素)季节变化范围类似于1至1000微克/升。平托湖是最近几次空中飞行任务的飞行路线，包括HyspIRI准备飞行活动，并经常成为HICO收购的目标。利用这些数据，我们证明了需要最小大气校正的光谱形状算法可以在一系列传统传感器上用于检测蓝藻水华，并且，随着高光谱分辨率数据的可用性和适当的大气校正，分离蓝藻属Aphanizomenon和微囊藻是可能的。在加利福尼亚州，Aphanizomeon通常无毒，在产生毒素的微囊藻之前发生水华，因此有可能建立一个基于藻类识别的早期预警系统。(C)2015年提交人。由爱思唯尔公司出版。
Cyanobacterial blooms are increasingly posing a severe threat to inland waters, particularly at the land-sea interface where toxins can be transported downstream with subsequent impacts to both terrestrial and marine organisms. These blooms are relatively easy to detect optically because of the surface concentration of cells, the presence of phycocyanin pigments, and the elevated backscatter associated with cell size and the presence of gas vacuoles. Major challenges limiting the use of remote sensing have been, first, that many of these water bodies are small relative to the spatial resolution of ocean color satellites, and second, even with a bright algal target, the spectral resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and repeat time for terrestrial satellites is often inadequate. The next generation of multispectral and hyperspectral sensors begin to address these issues with both increased spatial and spectral resolution. Weekly monitoring of Pinto Lake, California has demonstrated that this small water body provides an ideal testbed for development and application of algorithms applicable for legacy and next-generation sensors. Pinto Lake experiences seasonal nearly monospecific blooms with a pronounced species succession. Biomass (as chlorophyll) within Pinto Lake seasonally ranges from similar to 1 to 1000 mu g/L. Pinto Lake has been within the flight lines for several recent airborne missions, including the HyspIRI Preparatory Flight Campaign, and is often targeted for HICO acquisitions. Using these data we demonstrate that spectral-shape algorithms requiring minimal atmospheric correction can be used across a range of legacy sensors to detect cyanobacterial blooms and that, with the availability of high spectral resolution data and appropriate atmospheric correction, it is possible to separate the cyanobacterial genera Aphanizomenon and Microcystis. In California Aphanizomenon is typically non-toxic and blooms prior to toxin-producing Micro cystis, thus leading to the potential for an early warning system based on the identification of algal types. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.