Climatic response of snow depth to recent warmer winter seasons in heavy-snowfall areas in Japan
Climatic response of snow depth to recent warmer winter seasons in heavy-snowfall areas in Japan
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DOI：
10.3189/172756404781815248
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ishizaka, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ishizaka, M
在面对日本海的大雪地区，冬季降雪量较少的季节出现在1986/87年至1999/2000年。本文利用两个资料集研究了日本多雪地区冬季变暖引起的气候变化。其中一组是根据日本气象厅的载人地面气象观测对1971-2000年期间进行的归一化，另一组是1961-90年的。第一个数据集的冬季气候月值被认为受到较温暖的冬季的影响，因为几乎一半的相关周期与它们重合。结果表明：(1)各气象观测点1~2月的双月平均气温升高，平均增温量约为0.4℃。(2)同一时期的双月最大积雪深度在一些地点有所增加，但通常只增加几厘米，最大增加0.05m。(3)与之相反，日本海温带气候双月最大积雪深度减少幅度较大，在1~2月的气候双月最大积雪深度约为0.05~0.22m。最后的结果表明，这样温暖的雪区的积雪对气候变化非常敏感。文中还尝试估算了气温升高和降水量减少所造成的雪深减少量。
In heavy-snowfall areas facing the Sea of Japan, winter seasons with lower volumes of snow occurred from 1986/87 to 1999/2000. In this paper, the changes induced by these warmer winters in snowy areas in Japan are investigated using two datasets. One set was normalized for the period 1971-2000 from manned surface meteorological observations by the Japan Meteorological Agency, and the other set was for 1961-90. Winter climatic monthly values for the first dataset were thought to be affected by the warmer winter seasons since almost half the relevant period coincides with them. By comparing each monthly climatic value in both datasets, the following results were obtained: (1) At each meteorological observation site the bimonthly average temperature from January to February increased and the amounts of increase were about 0.4 degrees C on average. (2) The bimonthly maximum snow depth for the same period increased at a number of sites, but usually by only a few centimeters, the maximum increase being 0.05 m. (3) In contrast, the decreases in snow depth in heavy-snowfall areas facing the Japan Sea, which belong to a temperate climate zone, were large, ranging from about 0.05 to 0.22 m in climatic bimonthly maximum snow depth during January and February. The last result shows that snow covers in such warm snowy areas are very sensitive to climatic changes. An attempt is also made in this paper to estimate the amounts of decrease in snow depth from the increases in air temperature and the decreases in precipitation amounts.