Iron corrosion by novel anaerobic microorganisms
Iron corrosion by novel anaerobic microorganisms
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/nature02321
复制
发表时间：
2004-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Widdel, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dinh, HT;Kuever, J;Widdel, F
铁的腐蚀是一个严重的经济问题。好氧腐蚀是一种化学过程(1)，而厌氧腐蚀通常与硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）的活性有关（2-6）。SRB对铁的作用主要是通过产生硫化氢作为腐蚀剂（3,5,7）和消耗铁与水接触时形成的“阴极氢”（2-6,8）。在SRB中，脱硫弧菌物种-具有有效消耗氢的能力-通常被认为是厌氧腐蚀的主要罪魁祸首（2-6,8-10）；然而，潜在的机制是复杂的，并没有得到充分的理解。在这里，我们描述了通过金属铁作为唯一电子供体的隔离方法获得的新型海洋腐蚀型SRB。特别是，一种类似于脱硫杆菌的分离物用金属铁还原硫酸盐的速度比传统的除氢脱硫弧菌要快得多，这表明这种新型表面附着的细胞类型比通过游离氢更直接地从金属铁中获得电子。同样，一种新分离的类甲烷菌古菌产生含铁甲烷的速度比已知的产氢甲烷菌快，这再次表明，与消耗氢相比，铁更直接地获得电子。
Corrosion of iron presents a serious economic problem. Whereas aerobic corrosion is a chemical process(1), anaerobic corrosion is frequently linked to the activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB)(2-6). SRB are supposed to act upon iron primarily by produced hydrogen sulphide as a corrosive agent(3,5,7) and by consumption of 'cathodic hydrogen' formed on iron in contact with water(2-6,8). Among SRB, Desulfovibrio species - with their capacity to consume hydrogen effectively - are conventionally regarded as the main culprits of anaerobic corrosion(2-6,8-10); however, the underlying mechanisms are complex and insufficiently understood. Here we describe novel marine, corrosive types of SRB obtained via an isolation approach with metallic iron as the only electron donor. In particular, a Desulfobacterium-like isolate reduced sulphate with metallic iron much faster than conventional hydrogen-scavenging Desulfovibrio species, suggesting that the novel surface-attached cell type obtained electrons from metallic iron in a more direct manner than via free hydrogen. Similarly, a newly isolated Methanobacterium-like archaeon produced methane with iron faster than do known hydrogen-using methanogens, again suggesting a more direct access to electrons from iron than via hydrogen consumption.