DIFFERENTIAL CHANGES OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM FUNCTION WITH AGE IN MAN
DIFFERENTIAL CHANGES OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM FUNCTION WITH AGE IN MAN
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DOI：
10.1016/0002-9343(83)91201-9
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
HALTER, JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PFEIFER, MA;WEINBERG, CR;HALTER, JB
为了评估衰老与自主神经系统功能之间的关系，我们测量了103名年龄在19-82岁（平均年龄39岁）的正常男性受试者的心血管和瞳孔自主神经系统反射。血浆去甲肾上腺素水平（衡量心血管交感神经系统活动的指标）和平均动脉血压均随年龄增长而升高（r分别= 0.68和0.67，P均< 0.001）。血浆肾上腺素水平（肾上腺髓交感神经系统活动的测量指标）与年龄无关（r = 0.08, p = NS）。β期间心率的呼吸变化。-肾上腺素能阻断（心脏副交感神经系统活动指数）在老年受试者中降低（r = -0.54, P < 0.001）。有证据表明，心血管交感神经系统活动增加与年龄相关，心脏副交感神经系统活动减少。有交感神经系统和副交感神经系统代偿心血管功能响应与年龄相关的压力感受器敏感性下降。副交感神经系统阻断时瞳孔暗适应大小（虹膜交感神经系统活动指数）随年龄下降（r = -0.81, P < 0.001）。瞳孔对光刺激反应的潜伏期（虹膜副交感神经系统活动指数）在老年受试者中延长（r = 0.58, P < 0.001）。因此，在老年受试者中，交感神经系统和副交感神经系统对虹膜的输入都减少了，这一发现与已报道的男性衰老时周围躯体神经功能的普遍下降一致。自主神经系统功能也随着年龄的增长而下降，但其他与年龄相关的变化，如压力感受器敏感性的下降，可能导致代偿性自主神经系统反应，这可能掩盖潜在的功能缺陷。
To assess the relationship between aging and autonomic nervous system function, cardiovascular and pupillary autonomic nervous system reflexes were measured in subgroups of 103 normal male subjects ranging in age from 19-82 yr (mean age = 39 yr). Both plasma norepinephrine level, a measure of cardiovascular sympathetic nervous system activity, and mean arterial blood pressure increased with age (r = 0.68 and 0.67, respectively, both P < 0.001). The plasma epinephrine level, a measure of adrenomedullay sympathetic nervous system activity, was unrelated to age (r = 0.08, p = NS). Respiratory variation of heart rate during .beta.-adrenergic blockade, an index of cardiac parasympathetic nervous system activity, was reduced in older subjects (r = -0.54, P < 0.001). There was evidence of an age-related increase of cardiovascular sympathetic nervous system activity and a reduction of cardiac parasympathetic nervous system activity. There is sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system compensation of cardiovascular function in response to an age-related decrease in baroreceptor sensitivity. Dark-adapted pupil size during parasympathetic nervous system blockade, an index of iris sympathetic nervous system activity, declined with age (r = -0.81, P < 0.001). The latency time for the pupillary response to a light stimulus, an index of iris parasympathetic nervous system activity, was prolonged in older subjects (r = 0.58, P < 0.001). Thus, both sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system inputs to the iris were diminished in older subjects, findings consistent with the generalized decrease of peripheral somatic nerve function that has been reported with aging in man. Autonomic nervous system function also declines with aging, but other age-related changes such as a decline of baroreceptor sensitivity may lead to compensatory autonomic nervous system response, which could mask underlying functional defects.