The role of contextual versus discrete drug-associated cues in promoting the induction of psychomotor sensitization to intravenous amphetamine
The role of contextual versus discrete drug-associated cues in promoting the induction of psychomotor sensitization to intravenous amphetamine
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DOI：
10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00243-6
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发表时间：
2000-11-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Robinson, TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crombag, HS;Badiani, A;Robinson, TE
给予精神兴奋剂药物的环境背景可能对它们的急性精神兴奋作用和它们诱导与重复给药相关的精神兴奋致敏的能力产生很大影响。例如，当在一个不同的和相对新颖的测试环境中给予安非他明和可卡因时，安非他明的急性效应和对安非他明和可卡因的精神致敏性的发展增强，相对于当它们在没有任何环境刺激的情况下在笼子里给予时，预测药物给药。这里报告的实验旨在进一步研究这种现象，并测试的假设，一个独特的背景下，以促进强大的心理敏化的能力是由于其可靠的信号（线索）给药的能力。具体来说，我们比较了上下文线索（一个独特的测试环境）和离散线索（光，音调和/或气味），这两个可靠的预测药物管理，以促进诱导致敏的能力。在大鼠中评估了重复静脉输注0.5 mg/kg苯丙胺的精神刺激作用（旋转行为），对这些大鼠进行药物治疗的信号是：（1）通过放置在不同的测试环境中;（2）通过呈现离散的线索;或（3）在没有任何环境线索的家庭环境中给予药物治疗的大鼠。安非他明在与放置在不同的试验环境中有关时产生强烈的致敏作用。当在动物的饲养笼中无信号地给予药物时，相同的处理未能产生致敏作用。最重要的是，通过呈现离散的线索来发出给药信号不足以促进在不同的测试环境中给予治疗时观察到的强烈致敏作用。这些结果证实，诱导的心理敏化可以有力地调制环境背景，并进一步建立，虽然上下文刺激与一个独特的测试环境促进强大的敏化，离散的线索，只是预测药物管理没有这个属性。上下文与离散的环境线索，以促进敏化的能力的差异可能的原因进行了讨论。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
The environmental context in which psychostimulant drugs are administered can have a large effect on both their acute psychomotor activating effects and their ability to induce the psychomotor sensitization associated with repeated drug administration. For example, the acute effects of amphetamine and the development of psychomotor sensitization to amphetamine and cocaine are enhanced when they are administered in a distinct and relatively novel test environment, relative to when they are given in the home cage, in the absence of any environmental stimuli predictive of drug administration. The experiments reported here were designed to further examine this phenomenon and to test the hypothesis that the ability of a distinct context to promote robust psychomotor sensitization is due to its ability to reliably signal (cue) drug administration. Specifically, we compared the ability of contextual cues (a distinct test environment) and discrete cues (light, tone and/or odor), which both reliably predict drug administration, to promote the induction of sensitization. The psychomotor stimulant effects (rotational behavior) of repeated intravenous infusions of 0.5 mg/kg amphetamine were assessed in rats for whom drug treatments were signaled either: (1) by placement into a distinct test environment; (2) by presentation of discrete cues; or (3) rats for whom drug treatments were given in the home environment in the absence of any environmental cues. Amphetamine produced robust sensitization when given in association with placement into a distinct test environment. The same treatment failed to produce sensitization when the drug was given unsignaled in the animal's home cage. Most importantly, signaling drug administration by presenting discrete cues was not sufficient to promote the robust sensitization seen when treatments were given in a distinct test environment. These results confirm that the induction of psychomotor sensitization can be powerfully modulated by environmental context and further establish that, although contextual stimuli associated with a distinct test environment promote robust sensitization, discrete cues that merely predict drug administration do not have this property. Possible reasons for the difference in the ability of contextual Versus discrete environmental cues to promote sensitization are discussed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.