An expanded subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptor genes in Fusarium graminearum required for wheat infection
An expanded subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptor genes in Fusarium graminearum required for wheat infection
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小麦感染所需的禾谷镰刀菌 G 蛋白偶联受体基因的扩展亚家族
DOI：
10.1038/s41564-019-0468-8
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Xu, Jin-Rong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang, Cong;Cao, Shulin;Xu, Jin-Rong
cAMP-PKA和MAP激酶途径是小麦赤霉病菌侵染植物所必需的。为了确定这些保守的信号通路的上游受体，我们系统地表征了105个G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）基因。虽然没有营养生长所需的，五个GPCR基因（GIV 1-GIV 5）显着上调植物感染过程中的毒力是重要的。giv 1突变体在形成称为感染垫的专门感染结构方面存在缺陷，通过应用外源性cAMP和显性活性FST 7 MEK激酶来抑制感染垫。GIV 1对PKA和Gpmk 1 MAP激酶的激活起重要作用。GIV 2和GIV 3对于穿透后的感染生长很重要。giv 2突变体的入侵菌丝在细胞间传播方面有缺陷，主要在轴组织中细胞间生长。有趣的是，GIV 2-GIV 5基因与GIV 6形成一个系统发育簇，其在发病过程中与GIV 5具有重叠的功能。此外，GIV 2-GIV 6簇是GPCR的22个成员亚家族的一部分，其中许多具有植物特异性上调和共同的启动子元件;然而，只有三个亚家族成员在其他真菌中是保守的。在一起，F。禾谷镰刀菌具有扩展的感染相关GPCR亚家族，用于调节各种感染过程。
The cAMP-PKA and MAP kinase pathways are essential for plant infection in the wheat head blight fungus Fusarium graminearum. To identify upstream receptors of these well-conserved signalling pathways, we systematically characterized the 105 G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes. Although none were required for vegetative growth, five GPCR genes (GIV1-GIV5) significantly upregulated during plant infection were important for virulence. The giv1 mutant was defective in the formation of specialized infection structures known as infection cushions, which was suppressed by application of exogenous cAMP and dominant active FST7 MEK kinase. GIV1 was important for the stimulation of PKA and Gpmk1 MAP kinase by compounds in wheat spikelets. GIV2 and GIV3 were important for infectious growth after penetration. Invasive hyphae of the giv2 mutant were defective in cell-to-cell spreading and mainly grew intercellularly in rachis tissues. Interestingly, the GIV2-GIV5 genes form a phylogenetic cluster with GIV6, which had overlapping functions with GIV5 during pathogenesis. Furthermore, the GIV2-GIV6 cluster is part of a 22-member subfamily of GPCRs, with many of them having in planta-specific upregulation and a common promoter element; however, only three subfamily members are conserved in other fungi. Taken together, F. graminearum has an expanded subfamily of infection-related GPCRs for regulating various infection processes.