New methodology for the design of ultra-light structural components for machine tools
New methodology for the design of ultra-light structural components for machine tools
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DOI：
10.1080/0951192x.2014.900871
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
A. Bustillo;I. Oleaga;J. Zulaika;N. Loix
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Bustillo;I. Oleaga;J. Zulaika;N. Loix
能源消耗是许多机床（尤其是铣床）对生态影响的关键。最大限度地减少机床能耗的一项有前途的策略是减少其结构部件的质量。然而，这种解决方案有一个明显的缺点：机器的机械刚度降低，从而损害其性能，从长远来看，损害其生产率。这项研究提出了一种克服此类限制的新方法，其中涉及采用超轻结构部件的机床设计，以及制定抵消轻质机器造成的生产力损失的策略。新方法包括使用由碳纤维桁架构建的模块化盒子、计算新设计的动态刚度、识别其在切割过程方面的弱点，以及在机器中设计和集成主动阻尼系统，以减轻最关键切割条件下的预期振动。该方法已在中型桥式加工中心滑枕的新设计中进行了测试。结果表明，质量可以减少 60%，并且主动阻尼系统可以补偿机械刚度的 60% 减少，从而在高切削条件下保持与较重的标准机器相当的性能水平。
Energy consumption is the key to the ecological impact of many machine tools, especially milling machines. One promising strategy for minimising the energy consumption of machine tools is to reduce the mass of their structural components. This solution, however, has a clear drawback: the mechanical stiffness of the machine is reduced, impairing its performance and, in the long run, its productivity. This study proposes a new methodology to overcome such limitations, which involves the design of machine tools with ultra-light structural components, and the development of strategies to counteract the loss of productivity as a consequence of lightweight machines. The new methodology includes the use of modular boxes built with carbon-fibre trusses, calculation of the dynamic stiffness of the new design, the identification of its weaknesses in terms of its cutting processes, and the design and integration of active damping systems in the machine to soften the expected vibrations under the most critical cutting conditions. This methodology has been tested in the new design of a ram of a bridge-type machining centre of medium size. The results show that a 60% reduction in mass can be achieved and that an active damper system can compensate a 60% reduction in mechanical stiffness, maintaining a level of performance that is comparable to heavier standard machines under high-cutting conditions.