Genomic Selection for the Traits Expressed after Pollination in Allogamous Plants
Genomic Selection for the Traits Expressed after Pollination in Allogamous Plants
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2013.05.0319
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Iwata, Hiroyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yabe, Shiori;Ohsawa, Ryo;Iwata, Hiroyoshi
混合选择是一种常用于改良异花授粉作物的育种方法，其特点是效率低，特别是当目标性状在授粉后表达时。授粉前不能观察到该性状。因此，来自植物的花粉有助于下一代。基因组选择（GS）能够从标记基因型预测植物的遗传潜力，并在授粉前选择好的花粉亲本。本研究通过对一年生异花授粉植物的育种模拟，研究了GS在大规模选择授粉后表达的性状中的潜力。我们比较了GS和表型选择（PS）在授粉前后的性状表达。在授粉后表达的性状中，PS育种获得的遗传增益远低于GS育种获得的遗传增益。通过GS育种获得的遗传增益在授粉前和授粉后所表达的性状之间几乎相等，除了当育种周期为每年一次时。在授粉后表达的性状中GS育种的高效率可归因于在选择模型更新后立即在GS时来自花粉亲本的染色体的高选择准确性，其中我们没有选择花粉亲本，因为表型要求。它增加了种群规模，防止了繁殖种群中遗传变异的耗尽。结果表明，GS对于授粉后表达的性状的改善是有效的。
Mass selection, a breeding method commonly used to improve allogamous crops, is characterized by low efficiency, especially when a target trait is expressed after pollination. The trait cannot be observed before pollination. Therefore, pollen from unselected plants contributes to the next generation. Genomic selection (GS) enables prediction of the genetic potential of plants from marker genotypes and selection of good pollen parents before pollination. This study investigated the potential of GS in mass selection of a trait expressed after pollination via breeding simulations with annual allogamous plants. We compared GS and phenotypic selection (PS) in traits expressed before and after pollination. Genetic gain attained by PS breeding was much lower than the gain by GS breeding in a trait expressed after pollination. Genetic gain attained by GS breeding was almost equal between traits expressed before pollination and after, except when the breeding cycle was once per year. High efficiency of GS breeding in a trait expressed after pollination was attributable to the high selection accuracy of chromosomes derived from a pollen parent at GS immediately after selection with model update, where we did not select pollen parents because of phenotype requirements. It engendered increased population size and prevented depletion of genetic variation in a breeding population. Results show that GS is effective for improvement of a trait expressed after pollination.