Shikonin: A Review with a Focus on Anti-inflammatory and Anticancer Mechanisms
Shikonin: A Review with a Focus on Anti-inflammatory and Anticancer Mechanisms
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DOI：
10.61545/abr-2-115
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Seki;K. Nishizawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Seki;K. Nishizawa
紫草素（Shikonin）是从中草药紫草（Lithospermum Erythrorhizon）中分离得到的主要活性成分之一。紫草素具有抗菌、创伤愈合、抗炎、抗血栓、神经保护和抗肿瘤等多种药理作用。本文综述了近年来紫草素活性的研究进展，重点介绍了紫草素对细胞内信号通路的影响，这些信号通路与紫草素的抗肿瘤作用有关。紫草素具有一个有益的特点，它可以诱导许多癌细胞的凋亡，尽管它对正常细胞的毒性相对较低。紫草素对包括NF-κ B B通路、PI 3 K/Akt通路、核因子E2（红细胞衍生2）相关因子2（Nrf 2）通路、活性氧（ROS）产生和有氧糖酵解在内的许多信号通路和过程的影响代表了多靶点的存在。紫草素的抗肿瘤和抗肿瘤机制相似，但紫草素对活性氧水平的调节因细胞类型而异。这一特点似乎使紫草素调节细胞命运的方式依赖于细胞的上下文和实验设置。预计对紫草素的进一步分析将有助于了解细胞如何将活性氧信号传导整合到决定细胞结果（例如生存、自噬和细胞凋亡）的机制。(Seki R，Nishizawa K（2019）生物医学研究年鉴
Shikonin (alkannin) is one of the main active components isolated from the Chinese herb Lithospermum Erythrorhizon. Shikonin shows pleiotropic medical properties, such as antibacterial, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, neuroprotective and antitumor effects. In this article, we discuss recent studies on the activities of shikonin with an emphasis on its effects on the intracellular signaling pathways relevant to antiinflammatory and anticancer effects. Shikonin has a beneficial feature that it can induce apoptosis in many cancer cells despite its relatively low toxicity to normal cells. The effects of shikonin on many signaling pathways and processes including the NF-B pathway, the PI3K/Akt pathway, the nuclear factor E2 (erythroid-derived 2)-related factor 2(Nrf2) pathway, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the aerobic glycolysis represent the presence of the multiple target. Similarities between the antiinflammatory and anticancer mechanisms emerge, but shikonin differentially regulates the ROS levels depending on the cell type. This feature appears to enable shikonin to regulate the cell fate in a manner dependent on the cell context and experimental setting. Further analyses on shikonin are expected to provide insights into the mechanisms by which how cells integrate the ROS signaling in the decision of the cellular outcome, such as survival, autophagy and apoptosis. (Seki R, Nishizawa K (2019) Annals of Biomedical Research