Olympic Preparation of a World-Class Female Triathlete
Olympic Preparation of a World-Class Female Triathlete
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DOI：
10.1123/ijspp.2013-0245
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mujika, Inigo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mujika, Inigo
体育科学文献中缺乏对当今优秀铁人三项运动员所遵循的训练计划的详细描述。本研究报告的训练计划，一个世界级的女子铁人三项运动员准备参加伦敦2012年奥运会。在50周内，她进行了796次训练（303次游泳，194次自行车，254次跑步，45次力量训练），即16 +/- 4次/周（平均值+/- SD）。游泳、自行车和跑步训练量分别为1230 km（25 +/- 8 km/周）、427 h（9 +/- 3 h/周）和250 h（5 +/- 2 h/周）。根据与不同血乳酸浓度相关的心率值和/或速度和功率输出对训练任务进行分类和规定。在低于其个人乳酸阈值（ILT）、ILT与血乳酸开始累积之间（OBLA）和高于OBLA的强度下进行的训练对于游泳分别为74% +/-6%、16%+/-2%、10%+/-2%;并运行85% +/-2%、8.0% +/-0.3%、6.7% +/-0.3%。培训组织适应了忙碌比赛日程（18项赛事，其中8项是奥林匹克距离铁人三项），并不断回应新出现的信息。训练量比之前报道的优秀男女铁人三项运动员高出35-80%，但训练强度和逐渐减少策略成功地遵循了耐力运动员的最佳实践。这位铁人三项运动员在2012年伦敦排名第7，她的世界排名从2012年底的第14位提高到第8位。
Detailed accounts of the training programs followed by today's elite triathletes are lacking in the sport-science literature. This study reports on the training program of a world-class female triathlete preparing to compete in the London 2012 Olympic Games. Over 50 wk, she performed 796 sessions (303 swim, 194 bike, 254 run, 45 strength training), ie, 16 +/- 4 sessions/wk (mean +/- SD). Swim, bike, and run training volumes were, respectively, 1230 km (25 +/- 8 km/wk), 427 h (9 +/- 3 h/wk), and 250 h (5 +/- 2 h/wk). Training tasks were categorized and prescribed based on heart-rate values and/or speeds and power outputs associated with different blood lactate concentrations. Training performed at intensities below her individual lactate threshold (ILT), between the ILT and the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA), and above the OBLA for swim were 74% +/- 6%, 16% +/- 2%, 10% +/- 2%; bike 88% +/- 3%, 10% +/- 1%, 2.1% +/- 0.2%; and run 85% +/- 2%, 8.0% +/- 0.3%, 6.7% +/- 0.3%. Training organization was adapted to the busy competition calendar (18 events, of which 8 were Olympic-distance triathlons) and continuously responded to emerging information. Training volumes were 35-80% higher than those previously reported for elite male and female triathletes, but training intensity and tapering strategies successfully followed recommended best practice for endurance athletes. This triathlete placed 7th in London 2012, and her world ranking improved from 14th to 8th at the end of 2012.