Immune regulatory cytokines in the milk of lactating women from farming and urban environments
Immune regulatory cytokines in the milk of lactating women from farming and urban environments
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.00995.x
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Boner, Attilio L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peroni, Diego G.;Pescollderungg, Lydia;Boner, Attilio L.
生活在农场的儿童过敏较少。目前还不清楚在不同环境中母乳喂养是否有助于通过使后代接触不同的细胞因子来调节免疫反应来预防过敏。本研究的目的是量化和比较水平的转化生长因子-β 1（TGF-β 1）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的初乳和成熟的牛奶中的母亲生活在城镇在海平面（参考）和母亲在农场。在产后3天内（初乳）和婴儿出生后第一个月（成熟乳）采集乳汁样本。69名参考母亲和45名农场母亲参加了这项研究。农场母亲的初乳（p < 0.05）和成熟乳汁（p < 0.05）中的TGF-β 1浓度显著较高。在参考母亲中，观察到初乳（650，范围0-8000 pg/ml）和成熟乳（250，范围0 - 8000 pg/ml）之间的TGF-β 1浓度显著降低（p < 0.05）。在农场母亲中，初乳中的TGF-β 1浓度为1102 pg/ml（范围为0- 14，500），成熟乳汁中的TGF-β 1浓度仍然很高（821 pg/ml，范围为0- 14，650）。成熟乳中IL-10浓度高于对照组（p < 0.05）。在对照组（15 pg/ml，范围0-1800和0 pg/ml，范围0-230）或农场母亲（9.5 pg/ml，范围0-1775和14.2 pg/ml，范围0-930）的初乳和成熟乳之间未观察到IL-10的显著差异。与暴露于城市环境相比，暴露于农场环境与母乳中更高浓度的TGF-β 1和IL-10相关。母乳中较高的细胞因子浓度可能会影响免疫反应发展的早期调节，从而降低农场儿童过敏相关疾病的患病率。
Children living on farms have fewer allergies. It is unclear whether breastfeeding in different environments contributes to preventing allergies by exposing offspring to different cytokines that can modulate immune responses. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare levels of Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the colostrum and mature milk of mothers living in towns at sea level (references) and mothers on farms. Milk samples were collected within 3 days postpartum (colostrum) and at the first month of the baby's life (mature milk). Sixty-nine reference mothers and 45 farm mothers participated in the study. TGF-beta 1 concentrations were significantly higher both in the colostrum (p < 0.05) and in mature milk (p < 0.05) of farm mothers. In the reference mothers, a significant decrease in TGF-beta 1 concentrations was observed between colostrum (650, range 0-8000 pg/ml) and mature milk (250, range 0-8000 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). In farm mothers, TGF-beta 1 concentrations were 1102 pg/ml (range 0-14,500) in colostrum and remained high in mature milk (821 pg/ml, range 0-14,650). IL-10 concentrations were higher in the mature milk of farm mothers (p < 0.05). No significant differences in IL-10 were observed between colostrum and mature milk in the control group (15 pg/ml, range 0-1800, and 0 pg/ml, range 0-230) or in farm mothers (9.5 pg/ml, range 0-1775, and 14.2 pg/ml, range 0-930), respectively. Exposure to a farm environment is associated with higher concentrations of TGF-beta 1 and IL-10 in breast milk when compared to exposure to an urban environment. Higher cytokine concentrations in breast milk may influence early modulation of the development of an immune response, leading to a reduced prevalence of allergy-related diseases in farm children.