Persistence of racial differences in attitudes toward homosexuality in the United States.
Persistence of racial differences in attitudes toward homosexuality in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1097/qai.0b013e3181f275e0
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发表时间：
2010-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Golden MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glick SN;Golden MR
耻辱感可能会调节非裔美国人和男男性行为白人 (MSM) 之间艾滋病毒感染率的一些差异。我们使用综合社会调查的数据来描述美国人口对同性恋态度的特定种族趋势、男性同性性行为的报告，以及可能调节男同性恋者中耻辱与艾滋病毒传播之间关系的行为。 2008 年，表示同性恋“总是错误的”的非裔美国人比例为 72.3%，自 20 世纪 70 年代以来基本没有变化。相比之下，在白人受访者中，这一数字从1973年的70.8%下降到2008年的51.6%，其中大部分变化发生在20世纪90年代初以来。认识同性恋者的参与者对同性恋持消极态度的可能性较小（RR=0.60，95% CI：0.52-0.69）。在 MSM 中，认为同性恋“总是错误的”的非裔美国 MSM 人数是白人 MSM 的两倍（57.1% vs. 26.8%，p=0.003）。与态度较好的 MSM 相比，对同性恋持不利态度的 MSM 报告 HIV 检测的可能性较小（RR=0.50，95% CI：0.31-0.78）。美国对同性恋的态度以持续的种族差异为特征，这可能有助于解释非裔美国人和白人男同性恋者之间艾滋病毒感染率的差异。
Stigma may mediate some of the observed disparity in HIV infection rates between African American and white men who have sex with men (MSM). We used data from the General Social Survey to describe race-specific trends in the U.S. population’s attitude toward homosexuality, reporting of male same-sex sexual behavior, and behaviors that might mediate the relationship between stigma and HIV transmission among MSM. The proportion of African Americans who indicated that homosexuality was “always wrong” was 72.3% in 2008, largely unchanged since the 1970s. In contrast, among white respondents, this figure declined from 70.8% in 1973 to 51.6% in 2008, with most change occurring since the early 1990s. Participants who knew a gay person were less likely to have negative attitudes toward homosexuality (RR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.52–0.69). Among MSM, twice as many African American MSM reported that homosexuality is “always wrong” compared to white MSM (57.1% vs. 26.8%, p=0.003). MSM with unfavorable attitudes toward homosexuality were less likely to report ever testing for HIV compared to MSM with more favorable attitudes (RR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.31–0.78). U.S. attitudes toward homosexuality are characterized by persistent racial differences, which may help explain disparities in HIV infection rates between African American and white MSM.