New uses for old infrastructure: 101 things to do with the ‘stuff’ next to the hole in the ground
New uses for old infrastructure: 101 things to do with the ‘stuff’ next to the hole in the ground
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旧基础设施的新用途：利用地洞旁边的“东西”可以做的 101 件事
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Tarnowy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Finucane;K. Tarnowy
十年前，后采矿联盟与伊甸园项目合作，出版了乔治娜·皮尔曼的《101件与地洞有关的事情》。本出版物说明了以环境、社会和经济可持续的方式重新利用已关闭的矿山的方式。然而，对重新调整相关矿山基础设施用途的提及有限。这是可以理解的，因为这本书的重点是“地洞”，实际上也说明了企业有多么优先考虑关闭露天矿和地下矿井的规划，以及其他大型矿山设施，如废石地貌和尾矿储存设施。事实上，矿业公司通常只提议退役矿山支持基础设施，并在现场或其他地方处置。然而，重新调整矿山基础设施的用途也可以提供重大价值。
最近的研究发现，矿山基础设施(如铁路线和加工厂)和其他商品(如传送带和汽车轮胎)可以通过多种方式重新利用，并为环境和社区带来好处。这项研究清楚地表明，矿山基础设施的再利用或再利用方式因地点而异，需要考虑一系列因素，包括基础设施的位置和类型、景观生态和景观设计、区域和地方规划背景、监管框架和经济。在某些情况下，这些倡议超越了适应性再利用，成为更多关于发明的景观建筑项目，而不仅仅是修复或恢复的纠正措施。
本文探讨了利用老矿场基础设施的新途径。它介绍了一些国家关于重新调整基础设施用途的案例研究，并确定了这些项目的关键成功因素和限制。文中还讨论了这些方面对采矿后基础设施使用决策的影响。白皮书的结论是，长期愿景和商业案例(在某些情况下，还包括立法改革，甚至营销计划)对于允许适当时机和具有成本效益的基础设施资产托管转移至关重要。
Ten years ago, the Post-Mining Alliance in association with the Eden Project published Georgina Pearman’s 101 Things to Do with a Hole in the Ground. This publication illustrates the ways in which closed mines have been repurposed in an environmentally, socially and economically sustainable manner. However, there was limited mention of repurposing the associated mine infrastructure. This is understandable given that the focus of the tome was on the ‘hole in the ground’, and in fact illustrates how much companies prioritise planning for closure of open pits and underground workings, along with other large mine features such as waste rock landforms and tailings storage facilities. Indeed, mining companies commonly propose only to decommission mine support infrastructure and dispose of it onsite or elsewhere. However, repurposing of mine infrastructure can also provide significant value.
Recent research has identified numerous ways in which mine infrastructure (such as railway lines and processing plants) and other commodities (such as conveyor belting and vehicle tyres) can be repurposed and provide benefit for the environment and community. It is clear from this research that the way in which mine infrastructure can be re-used or repurposed varies from site to site, and requires consideration of a range of factors including the location and type of infrastructure, landscape ecology and landscape architecture, the regional and local planning context, regulatory frameworks and economics. In some instances, these initiatives go beyond adaptive re-use to become landscape architectural projects that are more about invention than merely corrective measures of rehabilitation or restoration.
This paper discusses new ways to use old mine site infrastructure. It presents case studies on repurposing infrastructure from a number of countries, and identifies key success factors and limitations for these projects. The way in which these aspects affect decision-making associated with post-mining use of infrastructure is also discussed. The paper concludes that a long-term vision and a business case (and, in some instances, also legislative change and even a marketing plan) are critical to allow appropriately timed and cost-effective custodial transfer of infrastructure assets.