Genuine halitosis, pseudo-halitosis, and halitophobia: classification, diagnosis, and treatment.
Genuine halitosis, pseudo-halitosis, and halitophobia: classification, diagnosis, and treatment.
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真性口臭、假性口臭和口臭恐惧症：分类、诊断和治疗。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Coil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ken Yaegaki;J. Coil
虽然刷舌和适当漱口都是治疗口臭的重要和基本措施，但有时也需要其他牙科治疗。口腔状况引起的真正口臭的治疗并不复杂。除了真正的口臭患者，心身性口臭患者也会去看牙医。虽然心身性口臭不在牙科医生的治疗范围之内，但患有这种疾病的患者仍然会向牙科医生寻求帮助。他们往往只接受治疗真正的口臭没有转介到心理专家。如果这些心身口臭患者处理不当，心理状况可能会比就诊前更糟。为避免对口臭患者管理不当，建立了口臭患者分类。真性口臭又分为生理性口臭和病理性口臭。病理性口臭又分为口腔病理性口臭和口腔外病理性口臭。假性口臭和口臭恐惧症患者都抱怨存在口臭，这并不令人反感。假性口臭不能由牙科医生治疗，而口臭恐惧症患者必须转介给心理专家。临床医生需要在患者初次就诊时检查口臭患者的心理状况。为英属哥伦比亚大学的诊所准备的问卷调查被认为是有利的。
Although tongue brushing and appropriate mouthrinses are both important and basic treatment measures for halitosis, other dental treatments are sometimes required. The treatment of genuine halitosis caused by oral conditions is not complex. In addition to genuine halitosis patients, psychosomatic halitosis patients also visit dental practitioners. Although psychosomatic halitosis is out of the treatment realm of dental practitioners, patients with this condition will still seek help from a dental practitioner. They often only receive treatment for genuine halitosis without referral to a psychological specialist. If these psychosomatic halitosis patients are incorrectly managed, the psychological condition might become worse than before the visit. To avoid the mismanagement of halitosis patients, classifications of halitosis patients have been established. Genuine halitosis was subclassified as physiologic halitosis and pathologic halitosis. Pathologic halitosis was further categorized to oral pathologic halitosis and extraoral pathologic halitosis. Both pseudo-halitosis and halitophobia patients complain of the existence of halitosis, which is not offensive. Pseudo-halitosis cannot be treated by dental practitioners, and halitophobia patients must be referred to psychological specialists. Clinicians need to examine the psychological condition of halitosis patients at the initial patient visit. A questionnaire prepared for the clinic at the University of British Columbia was found to be advantageous for this purpose.