Eaten alive: cannibalism is enhanced by parasites.
Eaten alive: cannibalism is enhanced by parasites.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.140369
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Dunn AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunke M;Alexander ME;Dick JT;Hatcher MJ;Paterson R;Dunn AM
同类相食现象在自然界中普遍存在，尤其是在资源有限的环境中具有特定阶段资源利用的消费者中。因此，同类相食对生物群落的结构和功能具有影响。寄生虫在自然界中也很普遍，我们假设，可能会影响同类相食，因为感染可以改变宿主的觅食行为。我们调查了一种常见的寄生虫，Pleistophora mulleri，对它的主机，淡水端足类Gammarus duebeni celticus的同类相食率的影响。寄生虫感染增加了成人对未感染的青少年同类相食的比率，作为成年人的功能反应，即资源摄取率作为资源密度的函数。这可能反映了寄生虫驱动的宿主代谢需求增加。此外，当提出一个选择，未感染的成年人喜欢吃未感染的，而不是感染的青少年同种，可能反映了选择压力，以避免寄生虫收购的风险。相比之下，受感染的成年人对受害者的感染状况是不加区别的，这可能是由于感染的代谢成本和食人族已经感染的风险。因此，寄生，通过提高同类相食率，可能有以前未被认识到的阶段结构和种群动态的同类相食物种的影响，也可能作为一个选择性的压力，导致资源利用的变化。
Cannibalism is ubiquitous in nature and especially pervasive in consumers with stage-specific resource utilization in resource-limited environments. Cannibalism is thus influential in the structure and functioning of biological communities. Parasites are also pervasive in nature and, we hypothesize, might affect cannibalism since infection can alter host foraging behaviour. We investigated the effects of a common parasite, the microsporidian Pleistophora mulleri, on the cannibalism rate of its host, the freshwater amphipod Gammarus duebeni celticus. Parasitic infection increased the rate of cannibalism by adults towards uninfected juvenile conspecifics, as measured by adult functional responses, that is, the rate of resource uptake as a function of resource density. This may reflect the increased metabolic requirements of the host as driven by the parasite. Furthermore, when presented with a choice, uninfected adults preferred to cannibalize uninfected rather than infected juvenile conspecifics, probably reflecting selection pressure to avoid the risk of parasite acquisition. By contrast, infected adults were indiscriminate with respect to infection status of their victims, probably owing to metabolic costs of infection and the lack of risk as the cannibals were already infected. Thus parasitism, by enhancing cannibalism rates, may have previously unrecognized effects on stage structure and population dynamics for cannibalistic species and may also act as a selective pressure leading to changes in resource use.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Dick, Jaimie T. A.;Armstrong, Michael;Dunn, Alison M.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
NEWBORN, D