Out-of-equilibrium quantum magnetism and thermalization in a spin-3 many-body dipolar lattice system
Out-of-equilibrium quantum magnetism and thermalization in a spin-3 many-body dipolar lattice system
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-09699-5
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发表时间：
2019-04-12
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Laburthe-Tolra, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lepoutre, S.;Schachenmayer, J.;Laburthe-Tolra, B.
通过孤立量子系统中建立的纠缠来理解量子热化，解决了酉动力学如何与统计物理学联系起来的基本问题。由长程相互作用原子组成的自旋系统为研究这个问题提供了一个理想的实验平台。在这里，我们研究了在磁偶极子-偶极子相互作用的作用下，固定在三维光学晶格中并以纯相干自旋状态制备的 S = 3 铬原子宏观系综的自旋动力学和局部热平衡方法。我们的隔离系统在其自身动态下热化，达到与热系一致的稳定状态，其温度由系统能量决定。通过与改进的数值量子相空间方法的比较，支持了动力学过程中量子相关性的建立。我们的观察结果与与纠缠熵增长相关的量子热化场景一致。
Understanding quantum thermalization through entanglement build up in isolated quantum systems addresses fundamental questions on how unitary dynamics connects to statistical physics. Spin systems made of long-range interacting atoms offer an ideal experimental platform to investigate this question. Here, we study the spin dynamics and approach towards local thermal equilibrium of a macroscopic ensemble of S = 3 chromium atoms pinned in a three dimensional optical lattice and prepared in a pure coherent spin state, under the effect of magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. Our isolated system thermalizes under its own dynamics, reaching a steady state consistent with a thermal ensemble with a temperature dictated from the system's energy. The build up of quantum correlations during the dynamics is supported by comparison with an improved numerical quantum phase-space method. Our observations are consistent with a scenario of quantum thermalization linked to the growth of entanglement entropy.