Dysfunction of Glia-Neuron Communication in Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia
Dysfunction of Glia-Neuron Communication in Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.2174/1573400054065569
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Iyo, Masaomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hashimoto, Kenji;Shimizu, Eiji;Iyo, Masaomi
多种证据表明，遗传因素和环境因素以及谷氨酸神经传递功能障碍参与了精神分裂症的病理生理。神经元和神经胶质之间的交流对于轴突传导、突触神经传递和信息处理至关重要，因此是神经系统在发育和整个成年生活中的正常功能所必需的。许多研究表明，在精神分裂症患者的血液、脑脊液（CSF）和死后脑样本中，神经元和神经胶质之间的通讯物质发生了改变。这些发现表明，在精神分裂症患者的大脑中，神经元-神经胶质的交流可能受损。本文就精神分裂症的神经发育假说和谷氨酸假说中出现的神经-胶质细胞通讯失衡作一综述。首先，我们讨论了生长因子（如碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、表皮生长因子（EGF）、midkine）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和细胞因子在精神分裂症病理生理中的作用。其次，我们关注内源性物质（谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、d -丝氨酸、犬尿酸和谷胱甘肽）在精神分裂症病理生理中的作用，这些物质调节NMDA受体的功能。
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that genetic factors and environmental factors as well as a dysfunction in the glutamatergic neurotransmission contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Communication between neurons and glia is essential for axonal conduction, synaptic neurotransmission, and information processing, and thus is required for normal functioning of the nervous system during development and throughout adult life. A number of studies have demonstrated that the substances which communicate between neurons and glia are altered in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and postmortem brain samples of schizophrenic patients. These findings suggest that neuron-glia communication might be impaired in the brains of schizophrenic patients. In this article, we review the imbalance of neuron-glia communication presented in the neurodevelopmental hypothesis as well as the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia. First, we discuss the role of growth factors (e.g., basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), midkine), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cytokines in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Second, we focus on the role of endogenous substances (glutamate, glutamine, D-serine, kynurenic acid, and glutathione), which modulate the NMDA receptor function, in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.