Cuckolded male ground tits increase parental care for the brood
Cuckolded male ground tits increase parental care for the brood
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.09.023
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Chen, Guo-Liang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du, Bo;Guan, Meng-Meng;Chen, Guo-Liang
对外交配（EPCs）广泛存在于社会性一夫一妻制的鸟类中。戴绿帽子的雄性如何应对其社会伴侣的不忠仍然是个问题。我们解决了这个问题，在地面山雀，伪podoces humilis，其中EPC频繁发生，成功的繁殖依赖于双亲的照顾。在单独繁殖的对中，我们计算了一妻多夫和一夫一妻制雌性巢中社会对的摄食率。与一夫一妻制的巢相比，戴绿帽的雄鸟的取食率增加，而一妻多夫的雌鸟的取食率降低。一雄多雌的雌性有较大的配对外配偶，尽管它们的配对外幼仔既不重也不比配对内幼仔具有更高的杂合性。Extrapair男性从来没有提供父亲照顾的混合育雏和一妻多夫制女性没有机会觅食的extrapair男性的领土上。因此，一妻多夫雌性获得的能量效益是由于其社会配偶的父母照顾增加。即使失去了一些份额，戴绿帽子的男性仍然获得了混合育雏中大部分的父亲。通过增加父母对当前幼仔的照顾，他们可以确保自己后代的生存。因此，我们认为，女性的地方，他们的社会男性在一个残酷的束缚，创造一个更大的育雏包含一些无关的年轻人：如果社会男性不加紧供应，以满足更大的育雏的需求，过度拥挤可能会减少他的后代的生存。一妻多夫的女性保持健身激励他们的社会男性提供父母的照顾，限制父权extrapair男性少数的育雏。(C)2015动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Extrapair copulations (EPCs) occur widely in socially monogamous birds. How cuckolded males respond to the infidelity of their social mates is still problematic. We addressed this question in the ground tit, Pseudopodoces humilis, in which EPCs occur frequently and successful reproduction relies on biparental care. In solitarily breeding pairs, we calculated the feeding rate of social pairs at polyandrous and monogamous females' nests. Compared with that at monogamous nests, cuckolded males increased their feeding rate whereas polyandrous females reduced theirs. Polyandrous females had larger extrapair partners, although their extrapair young were neither heavier nor had higher heterozygosity than their within- pair young. Extrapair males never provided paternal care for the mixed brood and polyandrous females had no opportunity to forage on the territory of extrapair males. Therefore, the energetic benefit polyandrous females obtained was due to the increased parental care of their social mates. Even losing some share, cuckolded males still gained most of the paternity within the mixed brood. By increasing parental care for the current brood, they could ensure the survival of their own offspring. Thus, we suggest that females place their social male in a cruel bind by creating a larger brood containing some unrelated young: if the social male does not step up provisioning to meet the demands of the larger brood, overcrowding may reduce the survival of his offspring. Polyandrous females maintain the fitness incentive for their social males to provide parental care by limiting the paternity of extrapair males to a minority of the brood. (C) 2015 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.