Travel and non-travel associated rabies post exposure treatment in New South Wales residents, Australia, 2007-2011: A cross-sectional analysis
Travel and non-travel associated rabies post exposure treatment in New South Wales residents, Australia, 2007-2011: A cross-sectional analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tmaid.2013.09.008
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
12
通讯作者：
Durrheim, D. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kardamanidis, K.;Cashman, P.;Durrheim, D. N.
背景：澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒是澳大利亚蝙蝠的地方病。越来越多的澳大利亚人前往狂犬病（Lysavirus 1）流行的国家。狂犬病病毒暴露的性质和频率和新南威尔士州（NSW）居民暴露的特点以前没有被描述。方法：获得免费狂犬病暴露后治疗（PET）只能通过在新南威尔士州的公共卫生单位安排。2007年1月1日至2011年12月31日，从新南威尔士州卫生部的网络数据库中提取了潜在暴露于狂犬病或ABLV后接受PET的人的详细信息，并进行了分析，以更好地了解狂犬病毒暴露流行病学。78.3%发生在东南亚，主要是印度尼西亚（47.6%），其中大多数在巴厘岛（95.2%）。PET在国内和国际曝光中的使用大幅增加。在澳大利亚，大多数接触蝙蝠的人是公众（76.0%），而不是与蝙蝠打交道的专业人士或志愿者，其中54.1%是由于蝙蝠救援尝试。国外伤害主要来自猴（49.4%）和狗（35.8%）。只有4.0%的国际旅客接种疫苗之前，他们exposed.Conclusions：PET在旅行和非旅行的澳大利亚人的增长率强调需要更有效的沟通适当的动物避免和所需的措施，如果暴露。应增加可能接触的个人的接触前治疗机会。皇冠版权所有（C）2013由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Background: Australian Bat Lyssavirus is endemic in Australian bats. More Australians are travelling to rabies (Lyssavirus 1) endemic countries. The nature and frequency of lyssavirus exposures and characteristics of New South Wales (NSW) residents exposed have not previously been described.Method: Access to free rabies post-exposure treatment (PET) can only be arranged through Public Health Units in NSW. Details of people receiving PET after potential exposures to rabies or ABLV from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2011 were extracted from an NSW Ministry of Health web-based database and analysed to better understand lyssavirus exposure epidemiology.Results: Of 1195 people receiving PET, 415 exposures were in Australia and 780 abroad; 78.3% occurring in Southeast Asia, mainly Indonesia (47.6%) where most were on the island of Bali (95.2%). PET use increased substantially for domestic and international exposures. In Australia, most bat exposures were to members of the public (76.0%), rather than to people who work with bats professionally or as volunteers, with 54.1% due to bat rescue attempts. Injuries abroad were mainly from monkeys (49.4%) and from dogs (35.8%). Only 4.0% of international travellers were vaccinated prior to their exposure.Conclusions: Increasing rates of PET in travelling and non-travelling Australians emphasise the need for more effective communication about appropriate animal avoidance and the measures required if exposed. Opportunities for increasing pre-exposure treatment amongst individuals likely to be exposed should be promoted. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.