Distribution of Enterotoxin Gene-positive Clostridium perfringens Spores among Human and Livestock Samples and its Potential as a Human Fecal Source Tracking Indicator
Distribution of Enterotoxin Gene-positive Clostridium perfringens Spores among Human and Livestock Samples and its Potential as a Human Fecal Source Tracking Indicator
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肠毒素基因阳性产气荚膜梭菌孢子在人类和牲畜样本中的分布及其作为人类粪便源追踪指标的潜力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Harada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Hashimoto;Hiroaki Tsuchioka;K. Higashi;N. Ota;H. Harada
为了评价产气荚膜梭菌是否可以作为水环境中有用的粪便指示剂和潜在的溯源指示剂，本研究分析了污水和牲畜粪便样品中产气荚膜梭菌孢子的分布及其毒素类型。应用多重聚合酶链式反应(PCR)对804株产气荚膜梭菌芽胞分离物(366株来自污水和污水、128株来自牛、129株来自猪、72株来自鸡肉、109株来自屠宰场废水)进行了6个毒素基因的检测。根据毒素基因的存在，从人类污水和牲畜样品中分离到的大部分菌株被确定为A型产气荚膜梭菌，它们单独表达CPA或表达CPA和CPE，并伴有或不伴有CPB2。此外，在人类污水和污水中检出CPE阳性的产气荚膜梭菌的频率分别为29%和32%。然而，在所有被测试的牲畜样本中，只有一个分离物(来自牛粪)呈CPE阳性。因此，CPE阳性产气荚膜梭菌的分布应被视为人类粪便污染的重要来源追踪指标。此外，我们得出结论，污水是CPE阳性产气荚膜梭菌污染的一个重要来源。
In this study, to evaluate whether Clostridium perfringens could be a useful fecal indicator in aquatic environments and could be employed as a potential source-tracking indicator, the distribution of C. perfringens spores and their toxin types in sewage and livestock fecal samples were analyzed. A total of 804 C. perfringens spore isolates (366 from human-related sewage and effluents, 128 from cattle, 129 from pigs, 72 from chicken, and 109 from abattoir wastewaters) were analyzed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect six C. perfringens toxin genes. On the basis of the presence of toxin genes, most of the isolates from both human sewage and livestock samples were determined as C. perfringens type A and they expressed cpa alone or cpa and C. perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) with or without cpb2. Moreover, cpe-positive C. perfringens was detected with frequencies of 29% and 32% in human sewage and effluents, respectively. However, only one isolate (from cattle feces) was cpe-positive among all the livestock samples tested. Thus, the distribution of cpe-positive C. perfringens should be considered an important source tracking indicator for human fecal pollution. Furthermore, we conclude that sewage effluents are a significant source of cpe-positive C. perfringens pollution.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Carman, Robert J.;Sayeed, Sameera;McClane, Bruce A.
通讯作者：
McClane, Bruce A.