Immunotherapy of Primary Brain Tumors: Facts and Hopes.
Immunotherapy of Primary Brain Tumors: Facts and Hopes.
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DOI：
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2769
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Okada H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Buerki RA;Chheda ZS;Okada H
近年来，癌症免疫治疗领域在某些癌症类型方面取得了令人兴奋的进展。然而，最近在胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）患者中评估检查点阻断的晚期临床试验的失败代表了脑癌免疫治疗的持续挑战。这可能是由于多种因素，包括但不限于显著的遗传和抗原异质性，相对较低的突变负荷和缺乏GBM浸润T细胞。我们回顾了最近和正在进行的针对检查点分子作为单一疗法或与其他方式相结合的研究，并讨论了GBM对单一方式免疫治疗方法无反应性的机制。我们还讨论了其他新的免疫治疗方法，可以促进T细胞反应，克服GBM的“冷肿瘤”状态，包括溶瘤病毒和过继性T细胞治疗。
The field of cancer immunotherapy has made exciting progress for some cancer types in recent years. However, recent failures of late phase clinical trials evaluating checkpoint blockade in glioblastoma (GBM) patients represent continued challenges for brain cancer immunotherapy. This is likely due to multiple factors, including but not limited to marked genetic and antigenic heterogeneity, relatively low mutational loads and paucity of GBM-infiltrating T cells. We review recent and ongoing studies targeting the checkpoint molecules as monotherapy or in combination with other modalities, and discuss the mechanisms underlying the unresponsiveness of GBM to single modality immunotherapy approaches. We also discuss other novel immunotherapy approaches that may promote T cell responses and overcome the “cold tumor” status of GBM, including oncolytic viruses and adoptive T cell therapy.