Digenic Inheritance: Evidence and Gaps in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.
Digenic Inheritance: Evidence and Gaps in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2021.777851
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Meyer LK
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Steen EA;Hermiston ML;Nichols KE;Meyer LK
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory disorder characterized by the inability to properly terminate an immune response. Familial HLH (FHLH) and related immune dysregulation syndromes are associated with mutations in the genes PRF1, UNC13D, STX11, STXBP2, LYST, AP3B1, and RAB27A, all of which are required for the assembly, exocytosis, and function of cytotoxic granules within CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Loss-of-function mutations in these genes render the cytotoxicity pathway ineffective, thereby failing to eradicate immune stimuli, such as infectious pathogens or malignant cells. The resulting persistent immune system stimulation drives hypercytokinemia, ultimately leading to severe tissue inflammation and end-organ damage. Traditionally, a diagnosis of FHLH requires the identification of biallelic loss-of-function mutations in one of these degranulation pathway genes. However, this narrow definition fails to encompass patients with other genetic mechanisms underlying degranulation pathway dysfunction. In particular, mounting clinical evidence supports a potential digenic mode of inheritance of FHLH in which single loss-of-function mutations in two different degranulation pathway genes cooperate to impair pathway activity. Here, we review the functions of the FHLH-associated genes within the degranulation pathway and summarize clinical evidence supporting a model in which cumulative defects along this mechanistic pathway may underlie HLH.
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影响因子:
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作者:
de Saint Basile, Genevieve;Sepulveda, Fernando E;Fischer, Alain
通讯作者:
Fischer, Alain
影响因子:
4.5
作者:
Dudenhoeffer-Pfeifer, Monika;Schirra, Claudia;Rettig, Jens
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Rettig, Jens
影响因子:
15.9
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Cote, Marjorie;Menager, Mickael M.;de Saint Basile, Genevieve
通讯作者:
de Saint Basile, Genevieve
影响因子:
20.3
作者:
Bryceson, Yenan T.;Rudd, Eva;Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf
通讯作者:
Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.040
发表时间:
2018-09
期刊:
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
影响因子:
--
作者:
Gil-Krzewska A;Saeed MB;Oszmiana A;Fischer ER;Lagrue K;Gahl WA;Introne WJ;Coligan JE;Davis DM;Krzewski K
通讯作者:
Krzewski K