A potential anti apoptotic regulation:The interaction of heat shock protein70 and apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondrial 1 during heat stress and aestivation in sea cucumber
A potential anti apoptotic regulation:The interaction of heat shock protein70 and apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondrial 1 during heat stress and aestivation in sea cucumber
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潜在的抗凋亡调节：海参热应激和夏眠期间热休克蛋白70与凋亡诱导因子线粒体1的相互作用
DOI：
10.1002/jez.2180
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通讯作者：
Tianming Wang
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作者：
Shasha Wang;Xingke Li;Muyan Chen;Kenneth B Storey;Tianming Wang
仿刺参（Apostichopus）是研究海洋无脊椎动物夏眠的良好模式生物。本种夏眠的一个特征是肠的退化。在目前的研究中，我们假设能量守恒和细胞保护策略需要在肠道中协调以确保夏眠期间的长期存活，并且在极端环境应激期间热休克蛋白70（HSP 70）和线粒体凋亡诱导因子1（AIFM1）之间存在潜在的关系。AIFM1是一种双功能黄素蛋白，参与非半胱天冬酶依赖的细胞凋亡激活。对夏眠期间AjAIFM1和AjHSP70在肠组织中的基因和蛋白表达谱进行了分析，结果表明它们之间呈负相关，AjAIFM1在夏眠期间受到抑制，而AjHSP70则强烈上调。当分离肠细胞并在体外分析其对25°C（夏眠期间典型的水温）下的热应激的反应时，与15°C对照细胞相比，也观察到相当的反应。结合体内和体外免疫共沉淀研究，我们的结果表明AjHSP70蛋白可能与AjAIFM1具有潜在的相互作用。为了确定热应激对肠细胞凋亡率的影响，我们还通过末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法评估了DNA片段化，结果也支持热应激期间海参的潜在抗凋亡反应。这种类型的细胞保护机制可用于在海参长期夏眠期间保护现有的细胞成分。
The sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) has become a good model organism for studying environmentally induced aestivation in marine invertebrates. A characteristic feature of aestivation in this species is the degeneration of the intestine. In the current study, we hypothesized that energy conservation and cytoprotective strategies need to be coordinated in the intestine to ensure long‐term survival during aestivation, and there was potential relationship between heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and apoptosis‐inducing factor mitochondrial 1 (AIFM1) during extreme environmental stress. AIFM1 is a bifunctional flavoprotein that is involved in the caspase‐independent activation of apoptosis. The gene and protein expression profiles of AjAIFM1 and AjHSP70 in intestinal tissue during aestivation were analyzed and results showed an inverse correlation between them, AjAIFM1 being suppressed during aestivation whereas AjHSP70 was strongly upregulated. Comparable responses were also seen when intestinal cells were isolated and analyzed in vitro for responses to heat stress at 25°C (a water temperature typical during aestivation), compared with 15°C control cells. Combined with co‐immunoprecipitation studies in vivo and in vitro, our results suggested that AjHSP70 protein may have potential interaction with AjAIFM1. To determine the influence of heat stress on apoptotic rate of intestinal cells, we also assessed the DNA fragmentation by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling assay, and results also supported a potential antiapoptotic response in sea cucumber during heat stress. This type of cytoprotective mechanism could be used to preserve the existing cellular components during long‐term aestivation in sea cucumber.