The development of the aesthetic experience of music: Preference, emotions, and beauty
The development of the aesthetic experience of music: Preference, emotions, and beauty
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音乐审美体验的发展：偏好、情感和美
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Tervaniemi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sirke Nieminen;Eva Istók;E. Brattico;M. Tervaniemi
孩子们从小就被音乐美学所吸引。本探索性研究采用包括学龄儿童在内的横断面设计，旨在探讨年龄、性别和音乐教育对音乐审美体验的三个重要方面的影响：音乐偏好、音乐情感识别和音乐审美范畴的使用。为此，我们开发了一种实验程序，适合量化儿童的音乐偏好以及他们对音乐情感和美学的判断。音乐材料由三首短钢琴曲组成：一首大调曲子、一首小调曲子和一首自由调曲。对 78 名儿童的反应进行了分析，将这些儿童分为两个年龄组：6-7 岁 (n = 38) 和 8-9 岁 (n = 40)。孩子们更喜欢大调的乐曲而不是小调的乐曲。除了没有受过音乐教育的6-7岁孩子外，孩子们对这首主要作品的幸福感评价最高。只有8-9岁的孩子觉得小调乐曲比大调乐曲更悲伤，而大调乐曲比小调乐曲更美丽。免费音乐作品的评级大多是冷淡的，这可能反映了孩子们在判断尚不属于他们短暂的音乐历史的音乐方面的困难。总的来说，当前的数据表明学龄儿童能够对不熟悉的音乐作品做出情感和审美判断。
From an early age, children are attracted to the aesthetics of music. Employing a cross-sectional design including school-aged children, the present exploratory study aimed to investigate the effects of age, gender, and music education on three important aspects of the aesthetic experience of music: musical preference, musical emotion recognition, and the use of the aesthetic categories for music. To this aim, we developed an experimental procedure suitable to quantify children’s musical preferences and their judgment of musical emotions and aesthetics. The musical material consisted of three short piano pieces: a piece in major mode, a piece in minor mode, and a free tonal piece. The responses of 78 children were analyzed, whereby the children were assigned to two age groups: 6–7-year-olds (n = 38) and 8–9-year-olds (n = 40). Children preferred the piece in major mode to the one in minor. Except for 6–7-year-olds without music education, children gave the highest happiness ratings for the major piece. Only 8–9-year-olds found the minor piece sadder than the major piece, and the major piece more beautiful than the piece in minor. The ratings of the free tonal piece were mostly indifferent and probably reflect children’s difficulty in judging music that does not yet belong to their short musical history. Taken together, the current data imply that school-aged children are able to make emotional and aesthetic judgments about unfamiliar musical pieces.