USE OF INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL DATA TO INVESTIGATE GROUP PHENOMENA - ISSUES AND STRATEGIES
USE OF INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL DATA TO INVESTIGATE GROUP PHENOMENA - ISSUES AND STRATEGIES
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DOI：
10.1177/1046496494254003
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发表时间：
1994-11-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
CRAWFORD, AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOYLE, RH;CRAWFORD, AM
研究群体现象的研究人员可以选择群体作为一个整体，也可以选择群体中的个人作为制定研究问题、制定数据收集策略和进行统计分析的基础。本文讨论了使用个体水平的数据来研究群体现象的优点和局限性，并描述了关于群体中个体的三类研究问题：(A)群体成员对群体组成的贡献，(B)个体属于群体的经历，以及(C)群体成员身份对群体成员个人生活的影响。作者描述了凝聚力研究中的两个例子，这些研究解决了个人属于群体的经历以及群体成员身份对他们个人生活的影响的问题。最后，我们注意到我们所倡导的方法的局限性，并通过我们对小群体现象的个人层面的分析，为未来的研究指明了方向。
Researchers who investigate group phenomena can choose either the group as a whole or individuals within groups as a basis for formulating research questions, developing data-gathering strategies, and conducting statistical analyses. This article considers the virtues and limitations of using individual-level data to investigate group phenomena and describes three categories of research questions about individuals in groups: (a) the contribution of group members to the composition of the group, (b) individuals' experience of belonging to the group, and (c) the impact of group membership on group members' personal life. The authors describe two examples from research on cohesion that addresses questions about individuals' experience of belonging to groups and the impact of group membership on their personal life. We conclude by noting the limitations of the approach we advocate and mapping directions for future research suggested by our emphasis on individual-level analysis of small-group phenomena.