Iron isotopes trace primordial magma ocean cumulates melting in Earth's upper mantle.

Iron isotopes trace primordial magma ocean cumulates melting in Earth's upper mantle.
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铁同位素示踪原始岩浆海洋累积融化在地球上地幔。

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abc7394
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Shorttle O
Shorttle O
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Williams HM;Matthews S;Rizo H;Shorttle O

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古玄武岩的铁同位素数据可以用上地幔岩浆海洋累积成分的熔融来解释。45亿年前地球的分化被认为是岩浆海洋结晶、晶体-液体分离和矿物学上独特的地幔储层形成的高潮。然而,由于下地幔矿物学地球化学示踪剂的缺乏,岩浆海洋模型仍然难以验证。古基性岩的铁同位素组成(δ57Fe)可以用来重建其地幔源区的矿物学特征。本文报道了格陵兰岛Isua上地壳带3.7 ga变质玄武岩的Fe同位素数据。这些样品的δ57Fe特征扩展到相对于现代当量的高值,并与流体不动微量元素和钨同位素异常(μ182W)具有很强的相关性。相平衡模型表明,这些特征可以用上地幔岩浆海洋累积成分的熔融来解释。现代海洋玄武岩的δ57Fe和μ182W的非均质性证明了这一过程的存在。
Iron isotope data for ancient basalts can be explained by melting of magma ocean cumulate component(s) in the upper mantle. The differentiation of Earth ~4.5 billion years (Ga) ago is believed to have culminated in magma ocean crystallization, crystal-liquid separation, and the formation of mineralogically distinct mantle reservoirs. However, the magma ocean model remains difficult to validate because of the scarcity of geochemical tracers of lower mantle mineralogy. The Fe isotope compositions (δ57Fe) of ancient mafic rocks can be used to reconstruct the mineralogy of their mantle source regions. We present Fe isotope data for 3.7-Ga metabasalts from the Isua Supracrustal Belt (Greenland). The δ57Fe signatures of these samples extend to values elevated relative to modern equivalents and define strong correlations with fluid-immobile trace elements and tungsten isotope anomalies (μ182W). Phase equilibria models demonstrate that these features can be explained by melting of a magma ocean cumulate component in the upper mantle. Similar processes may operate today, as evidenced by the δ57Fe and μ182W heterogeneity of modern oceanic basalts.
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