Impacts of a national lockdown on smallholder farmers' income and food security: Empirical evidence from two states in India
Impacts of a national lockdown on smallholder farmers' income and food security: Empirical evidence from two states in India
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105069
复制
发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Kramer, Berber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ceballos, Francisco;Kannan, Samyuktha;Kramer, Berber
于二零二零年初，COVID-19的空前性质促使印度及许多其他国家采取严厉措施以遏制病毒传播及人命损失。我们分析了基于电话的农业生产和粮食安全中断调查的数据，这些调查与哈里亚纳邦和奥里萨邦的1515个小农生产者进行管理。我们发现封锁如何影响这两个州的农民存在很大的异质性，这可能与市场基础设施的现有结构差异以及各州特定的COVID相关政策的差异有关。在奥里萨邦，机械化程度有限，农民在收获作物方面花费了更多的劳动力，由于缺乏运作良好的农作物采购系统，廉价销售更为普遍。在哈里亚纳邦，已有的市场基础设施使国家能够以稳定的价格维持采购，限制了对小农生产的影响。作为消费者，哈里亚纳邦的农民比奥里萨邦的农民面临更多的干扰，因为市场上的粮食供应减少，而奥里萨邦的农民受益于更多样化的种植模式，并在运输限制后增加了当地的粮食供应。(C)2020年，任作家。爱思唯尔有限公司出版
In early 2020, the unprecedented nature of COVID-19 prompted India, among many other countries, to put in place stark measures to stem the virus' spread and the cost of human lives. We analyze data from phone-based surveys on disruptions to agricultural production and food security, administered with 1515 smallholder producers in the states of Haryana and Odisha. We find substantial heterogeneity in how the lockdown affected farmers in these two states, which is likely related to existing structural differences in market infrastructure and to differences in state-specific COVID-related policies. In Odisha, where mechanization is limited, farmers spent more on labor to harvest their crops, and distress selling was more prevalent due to the absence of a well-functioning procurement system for their crops. In Haryana, preexisting market infrastructure allowed the state to sustain procurement at stable prices, limiting impacts on smallholder production. As consumers, farmers in Haryana faced more disruptions than those in Odisha, due to reduced availability of foods in the markets, whereas farmers in Odisha benefited from more diverse cropping patterns and increased local supply of foods following transport restrictions. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.