Cooperation and Storage Tradeoffs in Power Grids With Renewable Energy Resources
Cooperation and Storage Tradeoffs in Power Grids With Renewable Energy Resources
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DOI：
10.1109/jsac.2014.2332093
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Member Ieee Subhash Lakshminarayana;S. M. I. Tony Q. S. Quek-S.-M.-I.-Tony-Q.-S.-Quek-2265929724;F. I. H. Vincent Poor
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文献类型：
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作者：
Member Ieee Subhash Lakshminarayana;S. M. I. Tony Q. S. Quek-S.-M.-I.-Tony-Q.-S.-Quek-2265929724;F. I. H. Vincent Poor
智能电网系统中最重要的挑战之一是将可再生能源整合到其设计中。在本文中，考虑了两种不同的技术来缓解可再生能源发电的时变性和间歇性。第一个是存储的使用，它平滑了可再生能源发电量随时间的波动。第二种技术是分布式发电与分布式电源之间的能量交换协作相结合的概念。这项技术平均了整个空间能量生产的变化。本文分析了这两种技术之间的权衡。该问题被描述为一个随机优化问题，目标是最小化电网内能量交换的时间平均成本。首先，通过研究系统在某些特定场景下的稳态，给出了最优费用的分析模型。然后，利用李雅普诺夫优化技术，给出了一种求解成本最小化问题的算法，并给出了算法的性能分析结果。这些结果表明，在存储设备有限的情况下，电网可以从合作中获得很大的好处，而在存储容量较大的情况下，合作不会产生太大的好处。此外，据指出，从合作中获得的大部分收益只能通过在少数几个能源收集来源之间交换能源来实现。
One of the most important challenges in smart grid systems is the integration of renewable energy resources into its design. In this paper, two different techniques to mitigate the time-varying and intermittent nature of renewable energy generation are considered. The first one is the use of storage, which smooths out the fluctuations in the renewable energy generation across time. The second technique is the concept of distributed generation combined with cooperation by exchanging energy among the distributed sources. This technique averages out the variation in energy production across space. This paper analyzes the tradeoff between these two techniques. The problem is formulated as a stochastic optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the time average cost of energy exchange within the grid. First, an analytical model of the optimal cost is provided by investigating the steady state of the system for some specific scenarios. Then, an algorithm to solve the cost minimization problem using the technique of Lyapunov optimization is developed, and results for the performance of the algorithm are provided. These results show that in the presence of limited storage devices, the grid can benefit greatly from cooperation, whereas in the presence of large storage capacity, cooperation does not yield much benefit. Further, it is observed that most of the gains from cooperation can be obtained by exchanging energy only among a few energy-harvesting sources.