Who Picks Psychiatry? Perceptions, Preferences and Personality of Medical Students
Who Picks Psychiatry? Perceptions, Preferences and Personality of Medical Students
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谁选择精神病学？
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
U. Vollmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Malhi;C. Coulston;G. Parker;Emma L Cashman;G. Walter;L. Lampe;U. Vollmer
目的：本研究旨在探讨最有可能选择精神病学作为职业的低年级医学生的人格特征，确定最吸引潜在新兵的精神病学方面，并确定可能劝阻学生追求这一专业的精神病学的误解。方法：来自澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的580名二年级医学生完成了一组问卷，这些问卷测量了各种医学专业被视为职业的可能性，使用NEO五因素量表（NEO-FFI）的人格特质，以及学生在许多参数中认为每个专业具有吸引力的程度。结果如下：只有86名学生（15%）表示选择精神病学的可能性很大，而其他专业吸引了更高比例的学生（19-49%）。这86名学生的开放性得分明显高于那些表示追求精神病学的可能性较小的学生。对精神病学非常感兴趣的学生认为它在提供有趣和具有挑战性的主题方面非常有吸引力，在经济回报，工作乐趣，良好的生活方式，有光明和有趣的未来以及与同事的联系方面相对有吸引力。然而，精神病学在声望、治疗效果低下、对医学培训的依赖程度以及缺乏可靠的科学基础等方面仍然缺乏吸引力。在整个样本中，与其他专业相比，精神病学在评估的13个参数中的8个中被评为最不吸引人。结论：对精神病学感兴趣的学生更有可能是“开放的”，并认为该专业是有趣和具有挑战性的。这些特征应该沿着更广泛地推广，同时也要驳斥这样的神话：作为一个专业，精神病学缺乏科学基础，或者在培训和结果方面与主流医学有某种不同。以这种方式推广精神病学可能会吸引更多的人加入，并提高其声望。
Objectives: This study aimed to characterise the personality profiles of junior medical students most likely to choose psychiatry as a career, determine aspects of psychiatry that most attract potential recruits, and identify misperceptions about psychiatry that may dissuade students from pursuing this specialism. Method: A total of 580 second-year medical students from the University of New South Wales, Australia completed a set of questionnaires that measured the likelihood with which various medical specialties were being considered as careers, personality traits using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and the degree to which students perceived each specialty as attractive across a number of parameters. Results: Only 86 students (15%) indicated a strong likelihood of choosing psychiatry, compared to other specialties which attracted higher proportions of students (range 19–49%). These 86 students had significantly higher openness scores than those who indicated a lesser likelihood of pursuing psychiatry. Students who were highly interested in psychiatry ranked it as very attractive in respect to providing interesting and challenging subject matter, and relatively attractive in respect to financial reward, work enjoyment, good lifestyle, having a bright and interesting future, and association with colleagues. However, psychiatry remained less attractive with respect to prestige, perceived low effectiveness of treatments, degree to which it draws upon aspects of medical training, and lack of reliable scientific foundation. Within the entire sample, psychiatry was ranked most unattractive compared to the other specialties across eight of the 13 parameters assessed. Conclusions: Students interested in psychiatry are more likely to be ‘open’ and view the specialty as interesting and challenging. Such characteristics should be promoted more widely along with countering myths that as a specialty, psychiatry lacks a scientific foundation or is somehow different from mainstream medicine in terms of training and outcomes. Championing psychiatry in this manner may attract more recruits and enhance its prestige.