Improving random write performance in heterogeneous erasure-coded drive arrays by offloading code block requests
Improving random write performance in heterogeneous erasure-coded drive arrays by offloading code block requests
复制标题
通过卸载代码块请求来提高异构纠删码驱动器阵列中的随机写入性能
DOI：
10.1145/2695664.2695696
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gero Mühl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jeremic;Nikolaus;Helge Parzyjegla;Gero Mühl
在数据存储系统中，通常使用称为 RAID 的驱动器阵列，以避免数据丢失并在驱动器发生故障时保持可用性。 RAID 方案定义了可用于硬盘驱动器 (HDD) 阵列和 NAND 闪存固态驱动器 (SSD) 阵列的各种驱动器阵列组织（表示为 RAID 级别）。对于较大的驱动器阵列，使用带有纠删码的数据分条很有吸引力，因为与数据复制相比，它的空间效率明显更高。然而，采用纠删码的数据条带化的主要问题是小于条带的随机写入的性能。如果在选择数据条带配置（特别是条带单元大小）时没有正确考虑所部署的设备类型（HDD 或 SSD）和设备模型的随机访问性能特征，这个问题甚至会更加严重。在本文中，我们提供了一个分析模型，允许预测同构驱动器阵列以及代码块存储在更快驱动器上的异构驱动器阵列的随机写入吞吐量。基于我们的模型，我们开发了一种方法，通过使数据条带配置适应所使用的设备类型和与工作负载相关的模型，来提高同质驱动器阵列（仅包含一种设备类型，例如 HDD 或 SSD）中的随机写入吞吐量。然后，基于我们之前的工作，我们描述了一种异构驱动器阵列的组织，它特别适合将 HDD 与 SSD 相结合的阵列，并允许通过在较慢的驱动器上存储数据块和在较快的驱动器上存储代码块来进一步提高随机写入吞吐量。最后，我们通过实验评估我们的分析主张，并表明在使用数据条带和纠删码的驱动器阵列中，随机写入吞吐量确实可以显着增加。
In data storage systems, drive arrays known as RAIDs are often used in order to avoid data loss and to maintain availability in the event of drive failure(s). RAID schemes define various drive array organizations (denoted as RAID levels) that can be used in arrays of hard disk drives (HDDs) and arrays of NAND flash memory solid-state drives (SSDs). For larger drive arrays, using data striping with erasure coding is appealing due to its notably higher space efficiency compared to data replication. However, the main issue of data striping with erasure coding is the performance of random writes smaller than a stripe. This problem is even aggravated if the random access performance characteristics of the deployed device type (HDD or SSD) and device model are not properly considered when choosing the data striping configuration (in particular the stripe unit size).In this article, we provide an analytical model allowing to predict the random write throughput of homogeneous drive arrays as well as of a heterogeneous drive array with code blocks stored on the faster drives. Based on our model, we develop a method to improve the random write throughput in homogeneous drive arrays (comprising only one device type, e.g., HDDs or SSDs) by adapting the data striping configuration to the used device type and model in relation to the workload. Then, based on our previous work, we describe an organization for heterogeneous drive arrays, which is especially suitable for arrays combining HDDs with SSDs, and permits to further increase the random write throughput by storing data blocks on slower and code blocks on faster drives. Finally, we experimentally evaluate our analytical claims and show that random write throughput can indeed be notably increased in drive arrays that use data striping with erasure coding.
DOI：
10.1109/9780470544839.ch2
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
--
影响因子：
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作者：
R. Buyya;Toni Cortes;Hai Jin
通讯作者：
R. Buyya;Toni Cortes;Hai Jin