Fault-controlled alpine topography in Norway
Fault-controlled alpine topography in Norway
复制标题
挪威断层控制的高山地形
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
B. Davidsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Osmundsen;T. Redfield;B. Hendriks;S. Bergh;J. Hansen;I. Henderson;J. Dehls;T. R. Lauknes;Y. Larsen;E. Anda;B. Davidsen
翻译后摘要：在挪威的高山地形在很大程度上是断层控制。线性和不对称的范围开发的下盘的正断层后，中生代裂谷的主要阶段，但晚新生代冰期之前重新激活。在断层上形成鲜明的地貌对比，反映了冰前排水模式的差异性冰川开发。高山地形优先在下盘发育。三角形小平面标志着最近活动断层的痕迹。在深切的高山山脉前缘悬崖的底部，最好的暴露断层显示出米厚的断层岩石序列，并记录了断层运动的多个阶段。前寒武纪和加里东期基底岩石与侏罗系或白垩系沉积岩的并置，为部分断裂在中生代及以后的活动提供了证据。白垩纪晚期或更年轻的复活是由跨越断层的磷灰石裂变径迹表观年龄的跳跃所指示的，干涉合成孔径雷达和地震数据证明了现今的正常断层。其中两个地区描述了可能与构造活动有关的岩石滑坡异常集群。斯堪的纳维亚半岛西部最明显的火山岩形成断层可能在新生代活动，并将不对称的景观格局从单个山脉的规模强加给整个斯堪的纳维亚半岛。
Abstract: Alpine topography in Norway is largely fault-controlled. Linear and asymmetric ranges developed in the footwalls of normal faults that were reactivated after the main phase of Mesozoic rifting, but prior to the Late Cenozoic glaciations. Stark geomorphological contrasts developed across the faults, reflecting differential glacial exploitation of the pre-glacial drainage pattern. Alpine topography developed preferentially in the footwalls. Triangular facets mark the traces of the most recently active faults. At the base of deeply incised, alpine range-front escarpments, the best-exposed faults display metres-thick fault-rock successions and record multiple phases of fault movement. Juxtaposition of Precambrian and Caledonian basement rocks with Jurassic or Cretaceous sedimentary rocks provides evidence for fault activity in or after the Mesozoic for some of the faults. Late Cretaceous or younger reactivation is indicated by jumps in apatite fission-track apparent ages across the faults, and interferometric synthetic aperture radar and earthquake data attest to normal faulting at the present day. Two of the areas described host anomalous clusters of rockslides that may relate to tectonic activity. The most distinct landscape-forming faults in western Scandinavia were probably active in the Cenozoic, and imposed asymmetric landscape patterns from the scale of single mountain ranges to the whole of Scandinavia.