Insulin action and resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Insulin action and resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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DOI:
10.1038/nm.4350
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发表时间:
2017-07-11
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
Czech MP
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Czech MP
Nutritional excess is a major forerunner of type 2 diabetes and enhances the secretion of insulin but attenuates its metabolic actions in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, conflicting evidence indicates a lack of knowledge of the timing of these events during the development of obesity and diabetes and is a key gap in our understanding of metabolic disease. This Perspective reviews alternate viewpoints and recent results on the temporal and mechanistic connections between hyperinsulinemia, obesity and insulin resistance. Although much attention has addressed early steps in the insulin signaling cascade, insulin resistance in obesity appears to be largely elicited downstream of these steps. New findings also connect insulin resistance to extensive metabolic crosstalk between liver, adipose, pancreas and skeletal muscle. These and other advances over the last 5 years offer both exciting opportunities and daunting challenges in developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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