Are Microgrids the Future of Energy?: DC Microgrids from Concept to Demonstration to Deployment
Are Microgrids the Future of Energy?: DC Microgrids from Concept to Demonstration to Deployment
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微电网是能源的未来吗？：直流微电网从概念到示范再到部署
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
L. Zubieta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Zubieta
微电网被定义为可再生和/或常规能源的组，以及位于特定物理区域中并相互连接的负载，这些负载对于交流（ac）电网而言表现为单个实体。利用分布式资源为本地负载供电，并结合独立于交流电网运行的能力，使微电网成为解决可持续性，弹性和能源效率问题的技术可行的选择。此外，微电网可以在与电网完全分离的情况下运行，这是一种低成本的选择，可以为发展中国家无法使用传统交流电网或传统交流电网过于不可靠的地区提供电力。当连接到交流电网时，微电网表现为电力系统内的受控实体，其不是交流电网电力管理系统的负担，而是代表能够支持电网的资源。储能作为负责平衡发电与负载的元素，对于微电网概念的成功至关重要，并且随着可再生资源在微电网中的更大渗透，储能变得更加重要。在过去五年中，储能技术的性能和成本的加速改善使微电网在不久的将来成为电力系统经济可行的选择（见图1）。
Microgrids are defined as groups of energy resources, both renewable and/or conventional, and loads located and interconnected in a specific physical area that appear as a single entity to the alternating-current (ac) electric grid. The use of distributed resources to power local loads combined with the capability to operate independently of the ac grid makes microgrids a technically feasible option to address the concerns of sustainability, resilience, and energy efficiency. Furthermore, microgrids can operate while completely separated from the grid, representing a lower-cost option to provide electrical power to regions in developing countries where conventional ac grids are not available or are too unreliable. When connected to the ac grid, microgrids appear as controlled entities within the power system that, instead of being a burden to the ac grid power-management system, represent a resource capable of supporting the grid. Energy storage as the element responsible for balancing generation with load is critical to the success of the microgrid concept, and it is more important as larger penetration of renewable resources is present in the microgrid. Accelerated improvements in performance and cost of energy-storage technologies during the last five years are making microgrids an economically viable option for power systems in the very near future (see Figure 1).