Seasonal variations in concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in drinking water and reclaimed wastewater in Southern California
Seasonal variations in concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in drinking water and reclaimed wastewater in Southern California
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/es051380x
复制
发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Pettigrove, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loraine, GA;Pettigrove, ME
南加州几乎所有的饮用水都从两个来源进口：科罗拉多河和加州州水项目（萨克拉门托-圣华金河流域）。污水处理厂的污水（STPE）严重影响这两个来源。一项对圣地亚哥县四个滤水厂的原水和处理过的饮用水的调查显示，存在几种极性有机"药品和个人护理产品“（PPCP）。这些药物包括邻苯二甲酸酯、防晒剂、氯贝特、氯非布酸、布洛芬、三氯生和避蚊胺。其中几种也在成品水中发现，如邻苯二甲酸二（乙基己基）酯，二苯甲酮，布洛芬和三氯生。这些化合物的发生和浓度具有很强的季节性，并达到最大值时，圣华金河流量低，进口水的数量高。原水中测得的PPCPs的最大浓度与萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲的低流量条件相关，该三角洲为国家水项目提供水源。夏季进口原水中的PPCP浓度接近再生非饮用水。
Southern California imports nearly all of its potable water from two sources: the Colorado River and the California State Water Project (Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin). Sewage treatment plant effluent (STPE) heavily impacts both of these sources. A survey of raw and treated drinking water from four water filtration plants in San Diego County showed the occurrence of several polar organic '' pharmaceuticals and personal care products '' (PPCP). These included phthalate esters, sunscreens, clofibrate, clofribric acid, ibuprofen, triclosan, and DEET. Several of these were also found in the finished water, such as di(ethylhexyl) phthalate, benzophenone, ibuprofen, and triclosan. Occurrence and concentrations of these compounds were highly seasonally dependent, and reached maximums when the flow of the San Joaquin River was low and the quantity of imported water was high. The maximum concentrations of the PPCPs measured in the raw water were correlated with low flow conditions in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta that feeds the State Water Project. The PPCP concentrations in raw imported water in the summer months approached that of reclaimed nonpotable wastewater.