Gravitational waves on the back of an envelope
Gravitational waves on the back of an envelope
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信封背面的引力波
DOI：
10.1119/1.13627
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Schutz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Schutz
仅使用牛顿引力和一点狭义相对论，我们计算了引力辐射的大部分重要效应，结果非常接近完整的广义相对论的预测。小心使用时，这种方法可以提供重要方程和估计的有用的粗略推导，并且可以帮助向本科生和其他非广义相对论专家教授引力波现象。我们用它推导出以下结论： 引力波振幅 h 的四极近似；就源的牛顿引力场而言，h 的简单上限；波中的能量通量、光源的光度（称为“四极公式”）以及光源中的辐射反应；超新星和双星系统辐射的数量级估计；以及双脉冲星系统轨道周期的变化率。当我们的简单结果与广义相对论不同时，我们引用相对论...
Using only Newtonian gravity and a little special relativity we calculate most of the important effects of gravitational radiation, with results very close to the predictions of full general relativity theory. Used with care, this approach gives helpful back‐of‐the‐envelope derivations of important equations and estimates, and it can help to teach gravitational wave phenomena to undergraduates and others not expert in general relativity. We use it to derive the following: the quadrupole approximation for the amplitude h of gravitational waves; a simple upper bound on h in terms of the Newtonian gravitational field of the source; the energy flux in the waves, the luminosity of the source (called the ‘‘quadrupole formula’’), and the radiation reaction in the source; order‐of‐magnitude estimates for radiation from supernovae and binary star systems; and the rate of change of the orbital period of the binary pulsar system. Where our simple results differ from those of general relativity we quote the relativis...