Cancer risks for humans from exposure to the semiconductor metals.
Cancer risks for humans from exposure to the semiconductor metals.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Fowler;H. Yamauchi;E. Conner;M. Akkerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Fowler;H. Yamauchi;E. Conner;M. Akkerman
在半导体金属中，只有砷作为人类致癌物和全身毒物被广泛研究。然而，最近的研究表明，镓、砷和铟能够在细胞基因产物中产生显著的改变。急性体内给药后，铟和铊已被证明会降低一些依赖于细胞色素P-450的药物代谢酶的活性；因此，这些金属能够干扰有机致癌物的代谢。硒对于谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性是必不可少的，它调节药物代谢酶系统产生的活性中间体。锗在许多器官系统中产生毒性。锑对肺和循环系统有影响。总体而言，现有数据表明，这些金属或类金属能够从生物学上改变致癌过程中涉及的几种细胞防御机制，需要进一步研究以确定相关风险。
Of the semiconductor metals, only arsenic has been extensively studied as a human carcinogen and systemic toxicant. Recent studies have shown, however, that gallium, arsenic, and indium are capable of producing marked alterations in cellular gene products. After acute in vivo administration indium and thallium have been shown to produce decreases in the activity of some drug-metabolizing enzymes dependent on cytochrome P-450; therefore these metals would be capable of interfering with the metabolism of organic carcinogens. Selenium is essential for the activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which modulates the active intermediates generated by drug-metabolizing enzyme systems. Germanium produces toxicity in a number of organ systems. Antimony produces lung and circulatory system effects. Overall, available data suggest that these metals or metalloids are capable of biologically altering several cellular defense mechanisms involved in the carcinogenic process and that further studies are needed to determine the associated risks.