On-chip generation of high-dimensional entangled quantum states and their coherent control
On-chip generation of high-dimensional entangled quantum states and their coherent control
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DOI：
10.1038/nature22986
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发表时间：
2017-06-29
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Morandotti, Roberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kues, Michael;Reimer, Christian;Morandotti, Roberto
基于纠缠光子的光学量子态是解决基础物理问题的关键，也是量子信息科学的核心(1)。具体地说，高维态(D能级量子系统，即带有D>；2的量子系统)的实现及其控制对于量子力学的基础研究(2)、提高量子成像方案的灵敏度(3)、提高量子通信协议的健壮性和密钥率(4)、实现更丰富的量子模拟(5)以及实现更有效和更容错的量子计算(6)是必要的。集成光子学最近已经成为紧凑、低成本和稳定地产生和处理非经典光学状态的领先平台(7)。然而，到目前为止，集成的纠缠量子源仅限于量子比特(D=2)(8-11)。在这里，我们演示了在芯片上产生纠缠量子编辑态，其中光子是在多个高纯度频率模的相干叠加中产生的。特别是，我们确认了一个至少100维的量子系统的实现，该系统由两个D=10的纠缠量子群组成。此外，我们使用最先进的、尚未上市的电信组件，引入了一个相干操纵平台，用它来控制频率纠缠态，能够执行确定性的高维门操作。我们通过测量Bell不等式违例和进行量子态层析来验证该平台。我们的工作使得在单一空间模式下产生和处理高维量子态成为可能。
Optical quantum states based on entangled photons are essential for solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of quantum information science(1). Specifically, the realization of high-dimensional states (D-level quantum systems, that is, qudits, with D > 2) and their control are necessary for fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics(2), for increasing the sensitivity of quantum imaging schemes(3), for improving the robustness and key rate of quantum communication protocols(4), for enabling a richer variety of quantum simulations(5), and for achieving more efficient and error-tolerant quantum computation(6). Integrated photonics has recently become a leading platform for the compact, cost-efficient, and stable generation and processing of non-classical optical states(7). However, so far, integrated entangled quantum sources have been limited to qubits (D = 2)(8-11). Here we demonstrate on-chip generation of entangled qudit states, where the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple high-purity frequency modes. In particular, we confirm the realization of a quantum system with at least one hundred dimensions, formed by two entangled qudits with D = 10. Furthermore, using state-of-the-art, yet off-the-shelf telecommunications components, we introduce a coherent manipulation platform with which to control frequency-entangled states, capable of performing deterministic high-dimensional gate operations. We validate this platform by measuring Bell inequality violations and performing quantum state tomography. Our work enables the generation and processing of high-dimensional quantum states in a single spatial mode.