Mistakes were made: misperception as a barrier to reducing overweight
Mistakes were made: misperception as a barrier to reducing overweight
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0802293
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Variyam, JN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuchler, F;Variyam, JN
目的：检验美国人口中以体重指数(BMI)衡量的个人体重状况与他们对其体重状况的认知之间的一致性。设计：使用1988-94年第三次全国健康与营养检查调查(NHANES III)的数据，将实际体重状况和自我评估的体重状况交叉建立表格，确定低估或高估体重状况的人口比例。这项研究考虑了性别、社会经济和人口统计学变量，以确定相对较大数量的个体误解其体重状况的亚群。测量：调查数据包括临床测量的身高和体重。BMI的分类(超重、健康体重或体重不足)遵循传统的切点。此外，每个接受调查的人都被要求评估他们自己的(绝对)体重状况。样本包括7758名男性和8451名女性，年龄在20岁或以上，排除了怀孕或哺乳的女性。结果：我们发现，很大一部分美国人误解了自己的体重状况。各种误解的组合因性别而异，肥胖或超重的男性比肥胖或超重的女性更有可能低估自己的体重状况。体重健康/体重不足的女性比男性更有可能认为自己超重。除了性别差异，在65岁及以上的人、教育水平相对较低、收入水平较低的个人以及非西班牙裔黑人受试者中，评估不足的人更常见。高估人群更多地出现在65岁以下的女性(男性年龄在35岁到之间)、受教育程度较高、收入水平较高的个人，以及非西班牙裔白人受试者中。结论：如果个人没有意识到自己超重或肥胖，将超重和肥胖与健康风险联系起来的信息程序可能无法诱导饮食和生活方式的改变。虽然有大量的人没有意识到自己超重或肥胖的状况，但有一些指标变量可以帮助识别这一亚群。因此，有可能首先针对一条试图纠正误解的消息。如果成功，易受体重-健康风险信息计划影响的人口规模可能会增加。
OBJECTIVE: To examine the agreement between individuals' weight status as measured by their body mass index (BMI) and their perceptions of their weight status in the US population.DESIGN: Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988 - 94 ( NHANES III), were used to cross-tabulate actual weight status and self-assessed weight status, identifying population proportions that underassessed or overassessed weight status. The study accounts for gender and socioeconomic and demographic variables to identify subpopulations in which relatively large numbers of individuals misperceive their weight status.MEASUREMENTS: Survey data included clinically measured height and weight. BMI was categorized ( overweight, healthy weight, or underweight) following conventional cutpoints. In addition, each surveyed individual was asked to assess their own ( categorical) weight status.SUBJECTS: NHANES III is representative of the US population. The sample included 7758 males and 8451 females aged 20 y or above after excluding women who were pregnant or breastfeeding.RESULTS: We show that large segments of the US population misperceive their weight status. The mix of misperceptions differs by gender, with men who are obese or overweight more likely than obese or overweight women to underassess their weight status. Women who are healthy weight/underweight are more likely than men to believe they are overweight. In addition to the gender differences, underassessors are more frequently found among those aged 65 y and over, individuals with relatively low education levels, lower income levels, and among non-Hispanic black subjects. Overassessors are more frequently found among women less than 65 y old ( between the ages of 35 and 64 y for men), individuals with higher education levels, higher income levels, and among non-Hispanic white subjects.CONCLUSIONS: Information programs linking overweight and obesity with health risks might fail to induce diet and lifestyle changes if individuals fail to recognize they are overweight or obese. While there are large number of individuals who fail to recognize their overweight or obese status, there are indicator variables that can help identify this subpopulation. Thus, it is possible to first target a message that would attempt to correct misperceptions. If successful, the size of the population susceptible to a weight - health risk information program could increase.