Accessible attitudes influence categorization of multiply categorizable objects.
Accessible attitudes influence categorization of multiply categorizable objects.
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.71.5.888
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发表时间：
1996-11
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Eliot R. Smith;R. Fazio;M. Cejka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eliot R. Smith;R. Fazio;M. Cejka
每个人或物体都可以用多种方式分类。例如，一个人可以按性别、年龄、种族或职业进行分类（从而形成刻板印象）。早期的研究表明，当人们对物体有高度可接近的态度时，它们会吸引人们的注意力。在这项工作的基础上，作者假设，人们对高度可接近的态度的类别优先适用于多个可分类的对象。以线索回忆和分类反应时为因变量的三个实验均支持这一假设。类别的人的态度已呈现访问的早期任务更容易产生的反应，多个可分类的对象作为一个线索，或可以更快地被验证为适合的对象。这些结果表明，权力和功能价值的可访问的态度，在塑造基本的分类和判断过程。
Every person or object can be categorized in multiple ways. For example, a person can be categorized (and hence stereotyped) by gender, age, race, or occupation. Earlier research demonstrated that objects toward which people have highly accessible attitudes attract attention when they are present in the visual field. On the basis of that work, the authors hypothesized that categories toward which people have highly accessible attitudes are preferentially applied to multiply categorizable objects. Three experiments, with cued recall and categorization response time as dependent variables, support the hypothesis. Categories toward which people's attitudes had been rendered accessible by an earlier task were more readily produced in response to multiply categorizable objects serving as a cue, or could more quickly be verified as fitting the object. These results demonstrate the power and functional value of accessible attitudes in shaping basic categorization and judgmental processes.