How Did Women Count? A Note on Gender‐Specific Age Heaping Differences in the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries
How Did Women Count? A Note on Gender‐Specific Age Heaping Differences in the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries
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十六世纪至十九世纪女性如何计算年龄差异？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0289.2010.00582.x
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jieli van Leeuwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Földvári;Bas van Leeuwen;Jieli van Leeuwen
人力资本在经济增长中的作用现在基本上是无可争议的。1900年以前经常使用的人力资本指标之一是年龄堆积，这一指标越来越多地被用来衡量性别差异。在这篇文章中，我们发现，在一些历史样本中，已婚女性的堆数明显少于未婚女性。在修正了可能的选择效应之后，这仍然是正确的。一个可能的解释是，有一定比例的妇女根据丈夫的年龄调整了自己的年龄，从而使维普莱指数产生了偏差。我们发现同样的效果在男性身上要小一些。由于这种偏见随时间和国家的不同而不同，应该通过关注未婚女性来对女性年龄堆积进行一致的比较。
The role of human capital in economic growth is now largely uncontested. One indicator of human capital frequently used for the pre-1900 period is age heaping, which has been increasingly used to measure gender-specific differences. In this note, we find that in some historical samples, married women heap significantly less than unmarried women. This is still true after correcting for possible selection effects. A possible explanation is that a percentage of women adapted their ages to that of their husbands, hence biasing the Whipple index. We find the same effect to a lesser extent for men. Since this bias differs over time and across countries, a consistent comparison of female age heaping should be made by focusing on unmarried women.